{
	"id": "588a7792-e8f8-4ede-87de-801673500231",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:10:40.5257Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T13:12:04.626908Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "f3e7b5f99b832b4026b86ba775e029d745ab9dfc",
	"title": "Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_size": 54985,
	"plain_text": "Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia\r\nArchived: 2026-04-05 20:43:57 UTC\r\nHome \u003e List all groups \u003e Cadet Blizzard\r\n APT group: Cadet Blizzard\r\nNames\r\nCadet Blizzard (Microsoft)\r\nDEV-0586 (Microsoft)\r\nRuinous Ursa (Palo Alto)\r\nCountry Russia\r\nSponsor State-sponsored, GRU\r\nMotivation Information theft and espionage, Sabotage and destruction\r\nFirst seen 2020\r\nDescription (Microsoft) Microsoft assesses that Cadet Blizzard operations are associated with the\r\nRussian General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) but are separate from\r\nother known and more established GRU-affiliated groups such as Forest Blizzard\r\n(Sofacy, APT 28, Fancy Bear, Sednit) and Seashell Blizzard (Sandworm Team, Iron\r\nViking, Voodoo Bear). While Microsoft constantly tracks a number of activity\r\ngroups with varying degrees of Russian government affiliation, the emergence of a\r\nnovel GRU affiliated actor, particularly one which has conducted destructive cyber\r\noperations likely supporting broader military objectives in Ukraine, is a notable\r\ndevelopment in the Russian cyber threat landscape. A month before Russia invaded\r\nUkraine, Cadet Blizzard foreshadowed future destructive activity when it created\r\nand deployed WhisperGate, a destructive capability that wipes Master Boot Records\r\n(MBRs), against Ukrainian government organizations. Cadet Blizzard is also linked\r\nto the defacements of several Ukrainian organization websites, as well as multiple\r\noperations, including the hack-and-leak forum known as “Free Civilian”.\r\nMicrosoft has tracked Cadet Blizzard since the deployment of WhisperGate in\r\nJanuary 2022. We assess that they have been operational in some capacity since at\r\nleast 2020 and continue to perform network operations through the present.\r\nOperationally consistent with the remit and assessed objectives of GRU-led\r\noperations throughout Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Cadet Blizzard has engaged in\r\nfocused destructive attacks, espionage, and information operations in regionally\r\nsignificant areas. Cadet Blizzard’s operations, though comparatively less prolific in\r\nboth scale and scope to more established threat actors such as Seashell Blizzard, are\r\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=4f64a76f-0650-49dd-9386-d7813916463a\r\nPage 1 of 2\n\nstructured to deliver impact and frequently run the risk of hampering continuity of\nnetwork operations and exposing sensitive information through targeted hack-and-leak operations. Primary targeted sectors include government organizations and\ninformation technology providers in Ukraine, although organizations in Europe and\nLatin America have also been targeted.\nObserved\nSectors: Government, IT, Law enforcement, NGOs.\nCountries: Ukraine and Europe, Central Asia and Latin America.\nTools used\nGO Simple Tunnel, Impacket, netcat, P0wnyshell, reGeorg, WhisperGate, Living off\nthe Land.\nOperations performed Jan 2022\nOperation “Bleeding Bear”\nDestructive malware targeting Ukrainian organizations\nCounter operations Jun 2024\nRussian National Charged for Conspiring with Russian Military\nIntelligence to Destroy Ukrainian Government Computer Systems and\nData\nInformation\nPlaybook Last change to this card: 26 August 2024\nDownload this actor card in PDF or JSON format\nSource: https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=4f64a76f-0650-49dd-9386-d7813916463a\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=4f64a76f-0650-49dd-9386-d7813916463a\nPage 2 of 2",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"ETDA"
	],
	"origins": [
		"web"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=4f64a76f-0650-49dd-9386-d7813916463a"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"showcard.cgi?u=4f64a76f-0650-49dd-9386-d7813916463a"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "eecf54a2-2deb-41e5-9857-fed94a53f858",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:39.349959Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.296196Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "SaintBear",
			"aliases": [
				"Bleeding Bear",
				"Cadet Blizzard",
				"Nascent Ursa",
				"Nodaria",
				"Storm-0587",
				"DEV-0587",
				"Saint Bear",
				"EMBER BEAR",
				"UNC2589",
				"TA471",
				"UAC-0056",
				"FROZENVISTA",
				"Lorec53",
				"Lorec Bear"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:SaintBear",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "c28760b2-5ec6-42ad-852f-be00372a7ce4",
			"created_at": "2022-10-27T08:27:13.172734Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.279557Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Ember Bear",
			"aliases": [
				"Ember Bear",
				"UNC2589",
				"Bleeding Bear",
				"DEV-0586",
				"Cadet Blizzard",
				"Frozenvista",
				"UAC-0056"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Ember Bear",
			"tools": [
				"P.A.S. Webshell",
				"CrackMapExec",
				"ngrok",
				"reGeorg",
				"WhisperGate",
				"Saint Bot",
				"PsExec",
				"Rclone",
				"Impacket"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "8941e146-3e7f-4b4e-9b66-c2da052ee6df",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.402513Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.959797Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sandworm",
			"aliases": [
				"IRIDIUM",
				"Blue Echidna",
				"VOODOO BEAR",
				"FROZENBARENTS",
				"UAC-0113",
				"Seashell Blizzard",
				"UAC-0082",
				"APT44",
				"Quedagh",
				"TEMP.Noble",
				"IRON VIKING",
				"G0034",
				"ELECTRUM",
				"TeleBots"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Sandworm",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "7bd810cb-d674-4763-86eb-2cc182d24ea0",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.1537Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.883793Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sandworm Team",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 44",
				"ATK 14",
				"BE2",
				"Blue Echidna",
				"CTG-7263",
				"FROZENBARENTS",
				"G0034",
				"Grey Tornado",
				"IRIDIUM",
				"Iron Viking",
				"Quedagh",
				"Razing Ursa",
				"Sandworm",
				"Sandworm Team",
				"Seashell Blizzard",
				"TEMP.Noble",
				"UAC-0082",
				"UAC-0113",
				"UAC-0125",
				"UAC-0133",
				"Voodoo Bear"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Sandworm Team",
			"tools": [
				"AWFULSHRED",
				"ArguePatch",
				"BIASBOAT",
				"Black Energy",
				"BlackEnergy",
				"CaddyWiper",
				"Colibri Loader",
				"Cyclops Blink",
				"CyclopsBlink",
				"DCRat",
				"DarkCrystal RAT",
				"Fobushell",
				"GOSSIPFLOW",
				"Gcat",
				"IcyWell",
				"Industroyer2",
				"JaguarBlade",
				"JuicyPotato",
				"Kapeka",
				"KillDisk.NCX",
				"LOADGRIP",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"Living off the Land",
				"ORCSHRED",
				"P.A.S.",
				"PassKillDisk",
				"Pitvotnacci",
				"PsList",
				"QUEUESEED",
				"RansomBoggs",
				"RottenPotato",
				"SOLOSHRED",
				"SwiftSlicer",
				"VPNFilter",
				"Warzone",
				"Warzone RAT",
				"Weevly"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "a66438a8-ebf6-4397-9ad5-ed07f93330aa",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:47:55.919702Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.618194Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "IRON VIKING",
			"aliases": [
				"APT44 ",
				"ATK14 ",
				"BlackEnergy Group",
				"Blue Echidna ",
				"CTG-7263 ",
				"ELECTRUM ",
				"FROZENBARENTS ",
				"Hades/OlympicDestroyer ",
				"IRIDIUM ",
				"Qudedagh ",
				"Sandworm Team ",
				"Seashell Blizzard ",
				"TEMP.Noble ",
				"Telebots ",
				"Voodoo Bear "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:IRON VIKING",
			"tools": [
				"BadRabbit",
				"BlackEnergy",
				"GCat",
				"NotPetya",
				"PSCrypt",
				"TeleBot",
				"TeleDoor",
				"xData"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "730dfa6e-572d-473c-9267-ea1597d1a42b",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.389985Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.954105Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT28",
			"aliases": [
				"Pawn Storm",
				"ATK5",
				"Fighting Ursa",
				"Blue Athena",
				"TA422",
				"T-APT-12",
				"APT-C-20",
				"UAC-0001",
				"IRON TWILIGHT",
				"SIG40",
				"UAC-0028",
				"Sofacy",
				"BlueDelta",
				"Fancy Bear",
				"GruesomeLarch",
				"Group 74",
				"ITG05",
				"FROZENLAKE",
				"Forest Blizzard",
				"FANCY BEAR",
				"Sednit",
				"SNAKEMACKEREL",
				"Tsar Team",
				"TG-4127",
				"STRONTIUM",
				"Grizzly Steppe",
				"G0007"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT28",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "bdbf873a-048d-4c5d-9d92-922327cc83a8",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:39.387696Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.310459Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "DEV-0586",
			"aliases": [
				"Ruinous Ursa",
				"Cadet Blizzard"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:DEV-0586",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "025b7171-98f8-4391-adc2-66333629c715",
			"created_at": "2023-06-23T02:04:34.120175Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.599019Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Cadet Blizzard",
			"aliases": [
				"DEV-0586",
				"Operation Bleeding Bear",
				"Ruinous Ursa"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Cadet Blizzard",
			"tools": [
				"GO Simple Tunnel",
				"GOST",
				"Impacket",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"Living off the Land",
				"P0wnyshell",
				"PAYWIPE",
				"Ponyshell",
				"Pownyshell",
				"WhisperGate",
				"WhisperKill",
				"netcat",
				"reGeorg"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "e3767160-695d-4360-8b2e-d5274db3f7cd",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:47:55.914348Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.610018Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "IRON TWILIGHT",
			"aliases": [
				"APT28 ",
				"ATK5 ",
				"Blue Athena ",
				"BlueDelta ",
				"FROZENLAKE ",
				"Fancy Bear ",
				"Fighting Ursa ",
				"Forest Blizzard ",
				"GRAPHITE ",
				"Group 74 ",
				"PawnStorm ",
				"STRONTIUM ",
				"Sednit ",
				"Snakemackerel ",
				"Sofacy ",
				"TA422 ",
				"TG-4127 ",
				"Tsar Team ",
				"UAC-0001 "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:IRON TWILIGHT",
			"tools": [
				"Downdelph",
				"EVILTOSS",
				"SEDUPLOADER",
				"SHARPFRONT"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "ae320ed7-9a63-42ed-944b-44ada7313495",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.671663Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.283292Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT28",
			"aliases": [
				"APT28",
				"IRON TWILIGHT",
				"SNAKEMACKEREL",
				"Group 74",
				"Sednit",
				"Sofacy",
				"Pawn Storm",
				"Fancy Bear",
				"STRONTIUM",
				"Tsar Team",
				"Threat Group-4127",
				"TG-4127",
				"Forest Blizzard",
				"FROZENLAKE",
				"GruesomeLarch"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:APT28",
			"tools": [
				"Wevtutil",
				"certutil",
				"Forfiles",
				"DealersChoice",
				"Mimikatz",
				"ADVSTORESHELL",
				"Komplex",
				"HIDEDRV",
				"JHUHUGIT",
				"Koadic",
				"Winexe",
				"cipher.exe",
				"XTunnel",
				"Drovorub",
				"CORESHELL",
				"OLDBAIT",
				"Downdelph",
				"XAgentOSX",
				"USBStealer",
				"Zebrocy",
				"reGeorg",
				"Fysbis",
				"LoJax"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "b3e954e8-8bbb-46f3-84de-d6f12dc7e1a6",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.339976Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.27483Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sandworm Team",
			"aliases": [
				"Sandworm Team",
				"ELECTRUM",
				"Telebots",
				"IRON VIKING",
				"BlackEnergy (Group)",
				"Quedagh",
				"Voodoo Bear",
				"IRIDIUM",
				"Seashell Blizzard",
				"FROZENBARENTS",
				"APT44"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Sandworm Team",
			"tools": [
				"Bad Rabbit",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Exaramel for Linux",
				"Exaramel for Windows",
				"GreyEnergy",
				"PsExec",
				"Prestige",
				"P.A.S. Webshell",
				"AcidPour",
				"VPNFilter",
				"Neo-reGeorg",
				"Cyclops Blink",
				"SDelete",
				"Kapeka",
				"AcidRain",
				"Industroyer",
				"Industroyer2",
				"BlackEnergy",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"NotPetya",
				"KillDisk",
				"PoshC2",
				"Impacket",
				"Invoke-PSImage",
				"Olympic Destroyer"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "d2516b8e-e74f-490d-8a15-43ad6763c7ab",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.212584Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.900038Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sofacy",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 28",
				"ATK 5",
				"Blue Athena",
				"BlueDelta",
				"FROZENLAKE",
				"Fancy Bear",
				"Fighting Ursa",
				"Forest Blizzard",
				"G0007",
				"Grey-Cloud",
				"Grizzly Steppe",
				"Group 74",
				"GruesomeLarch",
				"ITG05",
				"Iron Twilight",
				"Operation DealersChoice",
				"Operation Dear Joohn",
				"Operation Komplex",
				"Operation Pawn Storm",
				"Operation RoundPress",
				"Operation Russian Doll",
				"Operation Steal-It",
				"Pawn Storm",
				"SIG40",
				"Sednit",
				"Snakemackerel",
				"Sofacy",
				"Strontium",
				"T-APT-12",
				"TA422",
				"TAG-0700",
				"TAG-110",
				"TG-4127",
				"Tsar Team",
				"UAC-0028",
				"UAC-0063"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Sofacy",
			"tools": [
				"ADVSTORESHELL",
				"AZZY",
				"Backdoor.SofacyX",
				"CHERRYSPY",
				"CORESHELL",
				"Carberp",
				"Computrace",
				"DealersChoice",
				"Delphacy",
				"Downdelph",
				"Downrage",
				"Drovorub",
				"EVILTOSS",
				"Foozer",
				"GAMEFISH",
				"GooseEgg",
				"Graphite",
				"HATVIBE",
				"HIDEDRV",
				"Headlace",
				"Impacket",
				"JHUHUGIT",
				"JKEYSKW",
				"Koadic",
				"Komplex",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"Living off the Land",
				"LoJack",
				"LoJax",
				"MASEPIE",
				"Mimikatz",
				"NETUI",
				"Nimcy",
				"OCEANMAP",
				"OLDBAIT",
				"PocoDown",
				"PocoDownloader",
				"Popr-d30",
				"ProcDump",
				"PythocyDbg",
				"SMBExec",
				"SOURFACE",
				"SPLM",
				"STEELHOOK",
				"Sasfis",
				"Sedkit",
				"Sednit",
				"Sedreco",
				"Seduploader",
				"Shunnael",
				"SkinnyBoy",
				"Sofacy",
				"SofacyCarberp",
				"SpiderLabs Responder",
				"Trojan.Shunnael",
				"Trojan.Sofacy",
				"USB Stealer",
				"USBStealer",
				"VPNFilter",
				"Win32/USBStealer",
				"WinIDS",
				"Winexe",
				"X-Agent",
				"X-Tunnel",
				"XAPS",
				"XTunnel",
				"Xagent",
				"Zebrocy",
				"Zekapab",
				"carberplike",
				"certutil",
				"certutil.exe",
				"fysbis",
				"webhp"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		}
	],
	"ts_created_at": 1775434240,
	"ts_updated_at": 1775826724,
	"ts_creation_date": 0,
	"ts_modification_date": 0,
	"files": {
		"pdf": "https://archive.orkl.eu/f3e7b5f99b832b4026b86ba775e029d745ab9dfc.pdf",
		"text": "https://archive.orkl.eu/f3e7b5f99b832b4026b86ba775e029d745ab9dfc.txt",
		"img": "https://archive.orkl.eu/f3e7b5f99b832b4026b86ba775e029d745ab9dfc.jpg"
	}
}