{
	"id": "98715c37-2f2d-4f77-a83a-b94159190c52",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:18:51.052967Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T03:34:00.357979Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "c01fb32e58ac5a85b82522aa3dceb869827763be",
	"title": "Subgroup: TA455, Smoke Sandstorm - Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_size": 62957,
	"plain_text": "Subgroup: TA455, Smoke Sandstorm - Threat Group Cards: A\r\nThreat Actor Encyclopedia\r\nArchived: 2026-04-05 20:23:11 UTC\r\nHome \u003e List all groups \u003e Subgroup: TA455, Smoke Sandstorm\r\n APT group: Subgroup: TA455, Smoke Sandstorm\r\nNames\r\nTA455 (ClearSky)\r\nSmoke Sandstorm (Microsoft)\r\nBohrium (Microsoft)\r\nDEV-0056 (Microsoft)\r\nYellow Dev 13 (PWC)\r\nUNC1549 (Mandiant)\r\nCountry Iran\r\nMotivation Information theft and espionage\r\nFirst seen 2021\r\nDescription\r\nA subgroup of Magic Hound, APT 35, Cobalt Illusion, Charming Kitten.\r\n(Microsoft) Smoke Sandstorm (formerly BOHRIUM/DEV-0056) compromised\r\nemail accounts at a Bahrain-based IT integration company in September 2021. This\r\ncompany works on IT integration with Bahrain Government clients, who were likely\r\nSmoke Sandstorm’s ultimate target. Smoke Sandstorm also compromised various\r\naccounts at a partially government-owned organization in the Middle East that\r\nprovides information and communications technology to the defense and\r\ntransportation sectors, which are targets of interest to the Iranian regime. In May of\r\n2022, Microsoft took legal action to disrupt spear phishing operations linked to\r\nSmoke Sandstorm.\r\nThere seems to be overlap with Tortoiseshell, Imperial Kitten.\r\nObserved\r\nSectors: Aerospace, Aviation, Defense.\r\nCountries: Albania, India, Israel, Turkey, UAE and Middle East.\r\nTools used LIGHTRAIL, MINIBIKE, MINIBUS, SlugResin, SnailResin.\r\nOperations performed Jun 2022 When Cats Fly: Suspected Iranian Threat Actor UNC1549 Targets\r\nIsraeli and Middle East Aerospace and Defense Sectors\r\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=1f9277fa-f9e5-4a0b-a2a0-2179ddc62c86\r\nPage 1 of 2\n\n\u003chttps://www.mandiant.com/resources/blog/suspected-iranian-unc1549-targets-israel-middle-east\u003e\r\nSep 2023\r\nOperation “Iranian Dream Job”\r\nIranian “Dream Job” Campaign 11.24\r\n\u003chttps://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Iranian-Dream-Job-ver1.pdf\u003e\r\nInformation \u003chttps://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/security-insider/smoke-sandstorm\u003e\r\nLast change to this card: 29 December 2024\r\nDownload this actor card in PDF or JSON format\r\nSource: https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=1f9277fa-f9e5-4a0b-a2a0-2179ddc62c86\r\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=1f9277fa-f9e5-4a0b-a2a0-2179ddc62c86\r\nPage 2 of 2",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"ETDA"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=1f9277fa-f9e5-4a0b-a2a0-2179ddc62c86"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"showcard.cgi?u=1f9277fa-f9e5-4a0b-a2a0-2179ddc62c86"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "82b92285-4588-48c9-8578-bb39f903cf62",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.850506Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.418577Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Charming Kitten",
			"aliases": [
				"Charming Kitten"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Charming Kitten",
			"tools": [
				"DownPaper"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "d8af157e-741b-4933-bb4a-b78490951d97",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.748929Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.087356Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT35",
			"aliases": [
				"COBALT MIRAGE",
				"Agent Serpens",
				"Newscaster Team",
				"Magic Hound",
				"G0059",
				"Phosphorus",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"TunnelVision"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT35",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "610a7295-3139-4f34-8cec-b3da40add480",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.608142Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.03764Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Cobalt",
			"aliases": [
				"Cobalt Group",
				"Cobalt Gang",
				"GOLD KINGSWOOD",
				"COBALT SPIDER",
				"G0080",
				"Mule Libra"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Cobalt",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "ad78338e-8bb6-4745-acae-27d3cc3cf76d",
			"created_at": "2023-11-17T02:00:07.580677Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.452097Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Bohrium",
			"aliases": [
				"BOHRIUM",
				"IMPERIAL KITTEN",
				"Smoke Sandstorm"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Bohrium",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "3ce91297-e4c0-4957-8dd7-9047a3e23dc7",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:39.054248Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.197801Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Tortoiseshell",
			"aliases": [
				"Yellow Liderc",
				"Imperial Kitten",
				"Crimson Sandstorm",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm",
				"Smoke Sandstorm",
				"IMPERIAL KITTEN",
				"TA456",
				"DUSTYCAVE",
				"CURIUM"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Tortoiseshell",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "f0f91a2f-ae05-4658-a6df-14938355eecb",
			"created_at": "2024-03-02T02:00:03.833721Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.598612Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "UNC1549",
			"aliases": [
				"Nimbus Manticore"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:UNC1549",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "029625d2-9734-44f9-9e10-b894b4f57f08",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.364105Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.944092Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Charming Kitten",
			"aliases": [
				"iKittens",
				"Group 83",
				"NewsBeef",
				"G0058",
				"CharmingCypress",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"Parastoo"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Charming Kitten",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "e3676dfe-3d40-4b3a-bfbd-4fc1f8c896f4",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.808974Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.291959Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Magic Hound",
			"aliases": [
				"Magic Hound",
				"TA453",
				"COBALT ILLUSION",
				"Charming Kitten",
				"ITG18",
				"Phosphorus",
				"APT35",
				"Mint Sandstorm"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Magic Hound",
			"tools": [
				"Impacket",
				"CharmPower",
				"FRP",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Systeminfo",
				"ipconfig",
				"netsh",
				"PowerLess",
				"Pupy",
				"DownPaper",
				"PsExec"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "99c7aace-96b1-445b-87e7-d8bdd01d5e03",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:24.746965Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.640335Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT ILLUSION",
			"aliases": [
				"APT35 ",
				"APT42 ",
				"Agent Serpens Palo Alto",
				"Charming Kitten ",
				"CharmingCypress ",
				"Educated Manticore Checkpoint",
				"ITG18 ",
				"Magic Hound ",
				"Mint Sandstorm sub-group ",
				"NewsBeef ",
				"Newscaster ",
				"PHOSPHORUS sub-group ",
				"TA453 ",
				"UNC788 ",
				"Yellow Garuda "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT ILLUSION",
			"tools": [
				"Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF)",
				"MagicHound Toolset",
				"PupyRAT"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "786139da-4139-49d0-9685-e249c5f89f25",
			"created_at": "2024-12-30T02:01:48.731055Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.763086Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "TA455",
			"aliases": [
				"Bohrium",
				"DEV-0056",
				"Operation Iranian Dream Job",
				"Smoke Sandstorm",
				"TA455",
				"UNC1549",
				"Yellow Dev 13"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:TA455",
			"tools": [
				"LIGHTRAIL",
				"MINIBIKE",
				"SlugResin",
				"SnailResin"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "65ab58e8-770d-4405-bd4c-55903100585b",
			"created_at": "2024-11-16T02:00:03.814784Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.77413Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "TA455",
			"aliases": [],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:TA455",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "b5b24083-7ba6-44cc-9d11-a6274e2eee00",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.337332Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.94285Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Tortoiseshell",
			"aliases": [
				"Cobalt Fireside",
				"Crimson Sandstorm",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm",
				"Curium",
				"Devious Serpens",
				"Houseblend",
				"Imperial Kitten",
				"Marcella Flores",
				"Operation Fata Morgana",
				"TA456",
				"Yellow Liderc"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Tortoiseshell",
			"tools": [
				"IMAPLoader",
				"Infostealer",
				"IvizTech",
				"LEMPO",
				"MANGOPUNCH",
				"SysKit",
				"get-logon-history.ps1",
				"liderc",
				"stereoversioncontrol"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "591ffe81-e46b-4e3d-90c1-9bf42abeeb47",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:24.726943Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.805423Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT FIRESIDE",
			"aliases": [
				"CURIUM ",
				"Crimson Sandstorm ",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm ",
				"DEV-0228 ",
				"HIVE0095 ",
				"Imperial Kitten ",
				"TA456 ",
				"Tortoiseshell ",
				"UNC3890 ",
				"Yellow Liderc "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT FIRESIDE",
			"tools": [
				"FireBAK",
				"LEMPO",
				"LiderBird"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "0dc20eeb-81e3-48ef-9a12-7b38fdcf07b1",
			"created_at": "2025-09-20T02:04:46.693616Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.735806Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT SMOKEY",
			"aliases": [
				"Nimbus Manticore ",
				"Smoke Sandstorm ",
				"Subtle Snail ",
				"TA455 ",
				"UNC1549 "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT SMOKEY",
			"tools": [
				"LIGHTRAIL",
				"MINIBIKE",
				"MINIBUS"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "1699fb41-b83f-42ff-a6ec-984ae4a1031f",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.83826Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.761303Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Magic Hound",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 35",
				"Agent Serpens",
				"Ballistic Bobcat",
				"Charming Kitten",
				"CharmingCypress",
				"Cobalt Illusion",
				"Cobalt Mirage",
				"Educated Manticore",
				"G0058",
				"G0059",
				"Magic Hound",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"Operation BadBlood",
				"Operation Sponsoring Access",
				"Operation SpoofedScholars",
				"Operation Thamar Reservoir",
				"Phosphorus",
				"TA453",
				"TEMP.Beanie",
				"Tarh Andishan",
				"Timberworm",
				"TunnelVision",
				"UNC788",
				"Yellow Garuda"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Magic Hound",
			"tools": [
				"7-Zip",
				"AnvilEcho",
				"BASICSTAR",
				"CORRUPT KITTEN",
				"CWoolger",
				"CharmPower",
				"ChromeHistoryView",
				"CommandCam",
				"DistTrack",
				"DownPaper",
				"FRP",
				"Fast Reverse Proxy",
				"FireMalv",
				"Ghambar",
				"GoProxy",
				"GorjolEcho",
				"HYPERSCRAPE",
				"Havij",
				"MPK",
				"MPKBot",
				"Matryoshka",
				"Matryoshka RAT",
				"MediaPl",
				"Mimikatz",
				"MischiefTut",
				"NETWoolger",
				"NOKNOK",
				"PINEFLOWER",
				"POWERSTAR",
				"PowerLess Backdoor",
				"PsList",
				"Pupy",
				"PupyRAT",
				"SNAILPROXY",
				"Shamoon",
				"TDTESS",
				"WinRAR",
				"WoolenLogger",
				"Woolger",
				"pupy",
				"sqlmap"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		}
	],
	"ts_created_at": 1775434731,
	"ts_updated_at": 1775792040,
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