Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia Archived: 2026-04-05 16:19:31 UTC Home > List all groups > List all tools > List all groups using tool Dyre Tool: Dyre Names Dyre Dyreza Dyzap Dyranges Category Malware Type Banking trojan, Info stealer, Backdoor Description (SecureWorks) In early June 2014, the Dell SecureWorks Counter Threat Unit (CTU) research team discovered the banking trojan, which was being distributed by Cutwail botnet spam emails that included links to either Dropbox or file storage services. The threat actors later shifted to distribution via the Upatre downloader trojan. Dyre is also kno Dyreza, Dyzap, and Dyranges by the antivirus industry. Dyre harvests credentials, primarily targeting online banking websites to perform Automated Clearing House (ACH wire fraud. The malware includes a modular architecture, man-in-the-browser functionality, and a backconnect serv allows threat actors to connect to a bank website through the victim's computer. The man-in-the-browser functional based on a unique combination of redirects to fake websites controlled by the threat actor ('web fakes') and a dynam inject system that allows the threat actors to manipulate a financial institution's website content. Similar to other ban trojans, Dyre hooks into the most popular web browsers to intercept traffic from a victim's system, stealing informa manipulating website content before it is rendered by the browser. Early Dyre versions were relatively primitive, sending command and control (C2) communications and stolen data unencrypted HTTP. Recent iterations of Dyre use SSL to encrypt all C2 communications, as well as a custom encry algorithm. Dyre also uses RSA cryptography to digitally sign configuration files and malware plugins to prevent tam Information MITRE ATT&CK Malpedia AlienVault OTX Last change to this tool card: 13 May 2020 Download this tool card in JSON format All groups using tool Dyre Changed Name Country Observed https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/listgroups.cgi?u=1b27f8b4-dddf-4d58-b033-3772234bdd47 Page 1 of 2 APT groups   Wizard Spider, Gold Blackburn 2014-May 2025 1 group listed (1 APT, 0 other, 0 unknown) Source: https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/listgroups.cgi?u=1b27f8b4-dddf-4d58-b033-3772234bdd47 https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/listgroups.cgi?u=1b27f8b4-dddf-4d58-b033-3772234bdd47 Page 2 of 2