{
	"id": "10dc4446-45f4-49c1-9a99-87d39ac399ec",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:15:07.553864Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T03:34:00.432312Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "3e75c662c72c604ccb0638ba83895ca185cdd295",
	"title": "Tortoiseshell, Imperial Kitten - Threat Group Cards: A Threat Actor Encyclopedia",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_size": 70704,
	"plain_text": "Tortoiseshell, Imperial Kitten - Threat Group Cards: A Threat\r\nActor Encyclopedia\r\nArchived: 2026-04-05 20:34:36 UTC\r\nHome \u003e List all groups \u003e Tortoiseshell, Imperial Kitten\r\n APT group: Tortoiseshell, Imperial Kitten\r\nNames\r\nTortoiseshell (Symantec)\r\nImperial Kitten (CrowdStrike)\r\nTA456 (Proofpoint)\r\nCurium (Microsoft)\r\nMarcella Flores (self given)\r\nHouseblend (?)\r\nCrimson Sandstorm (Microsoft)\r\nCuboid Sandstorm (Microsoft)\r\nYellow Liderc (PWC)\r\nDevious Serpens (Palo Alto)\r\nCobalt Fireside (SecureWorks)\r\nCountry Iran\r\nSponsor State-sponsored, Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)\r\nMotivation Information theft and espionage\r\nFirst seen 2018\r\nDescription\r\n(Symantec) A previously undocumented attack group is using both custom and off-the-shelf malware to target IT providers in Saudi Arabia in what appear to be supply\r\nchain attacks with the end goal of compromising the IT providers’ customers.\r\nThe group, which we are calling Tortoiseshell, has been active since at least July\r\n2018. Symantec has identified a total of 11 organizations hit by the group, the\r\nmajority of which are based in Saudi Arabia. In at least two organizations, evidence\r\nsuggests that the attackers gained domain admin-level access.\r\nOverlap has been found with Magic Hound’s Subgroup: TA455, Smoke Sandstorm.\r\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32\r\nPage 1 of 3\n\nObserved\nSectors: Aerospace, Defense, IT, Shipping and Logistics, Maritime and\nShipbuilding.\nCountries: Saudi Arabia, UAE, USA and Middle East.\nTools used get-logon-history.ps1, IMAPLoader, Infostealer, LEMPO, liderc, SysKit.\nOperations performed\nSep 2019\nCisco Talos recently discovered a threat actor attempting to take\nadvantage of Americans who may be seeking a job, especially\nmilitary veterans.\nNov 2020\nI Knew You Were Trouble: TA456 Targets Defense Contractor with\nAlluring Social Media Persona\n2022\nYellow Liderc ships its scripts and delivers IMAPLoader malware\nMay 2023\nOperation “Fata Morgana”\nFata Morgana: Watering hole attack on shipping and logistics\nwebsites\nOct 2023\nIMPERIAL KITTEN Deploys Novel Malware Families in Middle\nEast-Focused Operations\nCounter operations Jul 2021\nTaking Action Against Hackers in Iran\nInformation\nLast change to this card: 28 June 2025\nDownload this actor card in PDF or JSON format\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32\nPage 2 of 3\n\nSource: https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32\r\nhttps://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32\r\nPage 3 of 3",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"ETDA"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://apt.etda.or.th/cgi-bin/showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"showcard.cgi?u=8e5c68c0-c16a-4d8f-8829-14d27ab8cd32"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "d8af157e-741b-4933-bb4a-b78490951d97",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.748929Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.087356Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT35",
			"aliases": [
				"COBALT MIRAGE",
				"Agent Serpens",
				"Newscaster Team",
				"Magic Hound",
				"G0059",
				"Phosphorus",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"TunnelVision"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT35",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "610a7295-3139-4f34-8cec-b3da40add480",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.608142Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.03764Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Cobalt",
			"aliases": [
				"Cobalt Group",
				"Cobalt Gang",
				"GOLD KINGSWOOD",
				"COBALT SPIDER",
				"G0080",
				"Mule Libra"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Cobalt",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "ad78338e-8bb6-4745-acae-27d3cc3cf76d",
			"created_at": "2023-11-17T02:00:07.580677Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.452097Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Bohrium",
			"aliases": [
				"BOHRIUM",
				"IMPERIAL KITTEN",
				"Smoke Sandstorm"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Bohrium",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "84a3dd71-1d65-4997-80fc-7fbe55b267f2",
			"created_at": "2023-04-26T02:03:02.969306Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.341127Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "CURIUM",
			"aliases": [
				"CURIUM",
				"Crimson Sandstorm",
				"TA456",
				"Tortoise Shell",
				"Yellow Liderc"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:CURIUM",
			"tools": [
				"IMAPLoader"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "cd118f78-11b5-4b51-ad97-2f7562905bdb",
			"created_at": "2024-02-02T02:00:04.021391Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.525833Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Cuboid Sandstorm",
			"aliases": [
				"DEV-0228"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Cuboid Sandstorm",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "3ce91297-e4c0-4957-8dd7-9047a3e23dc7",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:39.054248Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.197801Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Tortoiseshell",
			"aliases": [
				"Yellow Liderc",
				"Imperial Kitten",
				"Crimson Sandstorm",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm",
				"Smoke Sandstorm",
				"IMPERIAL KITTEN",
				"TA456",
				"DUSTYCAVE",
				"CURIUM"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Tortoiseshell",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "e3676dfe-3d40-4b3a-bfbd-4fc1f8c896f4",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.808974Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.291959Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Magic Hound",
			"aliases": [
				"Magic Hound",
				"TA453",
				"COBALT ILLUSION",
				"Charming Kitten",
				"ITG18",
				"Phosphorus",
				"APT35",
				"Mint Sandstorm"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Magic Hound",
			"tools": [
				"Impacket",
				"CharmPower",
				"FRP",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Systeminfo",
				"ipconfig",
				"netsh",
				"PowerLess",
				"Pupy",
				"DownPaper",
				"PsExec"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "99c7aace-96b1-445b-87e7-d8bdd01d5e03",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:24.746965Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.640335Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT ILLUSION",
			"aliases": [
				"APT35 ",
				"APT42 ",
				"Agent Serpens Palo Alto",
				"Charming Kitten ",
				"CharmingCypress ",
				"Educated Manticore Checkpoint",
				"ITG18 ",
				"Magic Hound ",
				"Mint Sandstorm sub-group ",
				"NewsBeef ",
				"Newscaster ",
				"PHOSPHORUS sub-group ",
				"TA453 ",
				"UNC788 ",
				"Yellow Garuda "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT ILLUSION",
			"tools": [
				"Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF)",
				"MagicHound Toolset",
				"PupyRAT"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "786139da-4139-49d0-9685-e249c5f89f25",
			"created_at": "2024-12-30T02:01:48.731055Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.763086Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "TA455",
			"aliases": [
				"Bohrium",
				"DEV-0056",
				"Operation Iranian Dream Job",
				"Smoke Sandstorm",
				"TA455",
				"UNC1549",
				"Yellow Dev 13"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:TA455",
			"tools": [
				"LIGHTRAIL",
				"MINIBIKE",
				"SlugResin",
				"SnailResin"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "65ab58e8-770d-4405-bd4c-55903100585b",
			"created_at": "2024-11-16T02:00:03.814784Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.77413Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "TA455",
			"aliases": [],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:TA455",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "b5b24083-7ba6-44cc-9d11-a6274e2eee00",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.337332Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.94285Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Tortoiseshell",
			"aliases": [
				"Cobalt Fireside",
				"Crimson Sandstorm",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm",
				"Curium",
				"Devious Serpens",
				"Houseblend",
				"Imperial Kitten",
				"Marcella Flores",
				"Operation Fata Morgana",
				"TA456",
				"Yellow Liderc"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Tortoiseshell",
			"tools": [
				"IMAPLoader",
				"Infostealer",
				"IvizTech",
				"LEMPO",
				"MANGOPUNCH",
				"SysKit",
				"get-logon-history.ps1",
				"liderc",
				"stereoversioncontrol"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "591ffe81-e46b-4e3d-90c1-9bf42abeeb47",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:24.726943Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.805423Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT FIRESIDE",
			"aliases": [
				"CURIUM ",
				"Crimson Sandstorm ",
				"Cuboid Sandstorm ",
				"DEV-0228 ",
				"HIVE0095 ",
				"Imperial Kitten ",
				"TA456 ",
				"Tortoiseshell ",
				"UNC3890 ",
				"Yellow Liderc "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT FIRESIDE",
			"tools": [
				"FireBAK",
				"LEMPO",
				"LiderBird"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "0dc20eeb-81e3-48ef-9a12-7b38fdcf07b1",
			"created_at": "2025-09-20T02:04:46.693616Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.735806Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "COBALT SMOKEY",
			"aliases": [
				"Nimbus Manticore ",
				"Smoke Sandstorm ",
				"Subtle Snail ",
				"TA455 ",
				"UNC1549 "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:COBALT SMOKEY",
			"tools": [
				"LIGHTRAIL",
				"MINIBIKE",
				"MINIBUS"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
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			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.83826Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.761303Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Magic Hound",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 35",
				"Agent Serpens",
				"Ballistic Bobcat",
				"Charming Kitten",
				"CharmingCypress",
				"Cobalt Illusion",
				"Cobalt Mirage",
				"Educated Manticore",
				"G0058",
				"G0059",
				"Magic Hound",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"Operation BadBlood",
				"Operation Sponsoring Access",
				"Operation SpoofedScholars",
				"Operation Thamar Reservoir",
				"Phosphorus",
				"TA453",
				"TEMP.Beanie",
				"Tarh Andishan",
				"Timberworm",
				"TunnelVision",
				"UNC788",
				"Yellow Garuda"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Magic Hound",
			"tools": [
				"7-Zip",
				"AnvilEcho",
				"BASICSTAR",
				"CORRUPT KITTEN",
				"CWoolger",
				"CharmPower",
				"ChromeHistoryView",
				"CommandCam",
				"DistTrack",
				"DownPaper",
				"FRP",
				"Fast Reverse Proxy",
				"FireMalv",
				"Ghambar",
				"GoProxy",
				"GorjolEcho",
				"HYPERSCRAPE",
				"Havij",
				"MPK",
				"MPKBot",
				"Matryoshka",
				"Matryoshka RAT",
				"MediaPl",
				"Mimikatz",
				"MischiefTut",
				"NETWoolger",
				"NOKNOK",
				"PINEFLOWER",
				"POWERSTAR",
				"PowerLess Backdoor",
				"PsList",
				"Pupy",
				"PupyRAT",
				"SNAILPROXY",
				"Shamoon",
				"TDTESS",
				"WinRAR",
				"WoolenLogger",
				"Woolger",
				"pupy",
				"sqlmap"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		}
	],
	"ts_created_at": 1775434507,
	"ts_updated_at": 1775792040,
	"ts_creation_date": 0,
	"ts_modification_date": 0,
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}