{
	"id": "c54f2ff7-26f1-4597-adde-de1aff83a58e",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:21:57.399965Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T03:37:22.791506Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "28b048e4540687068f028927729de06968aeee67",
	"title": "Threat actors | Latest Threats | Microsoft Security Blog",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
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	"plain_text": "Threat actors | Latest Threats | Microsoft Security Blog\r\nPublished: 2026-04-01 · Archived: 2026-04-05 14:04:06 UTC\r\nMicrosoft actively discovers and tracks threat actors across observed state-sponsored, ransomware, and criminal\r\nactivities. Get insights from the 60 nation-state actors, 50 ransomware groups, and hundreds of other attackers\r\nwe’ve tracked.\r\nFiltered by\r\nClear All\r\nthreat-actors\r\nRefine results\r\nSort By\r\nContent Type\r\nhttps://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2\r\nPage 1 of 3\n\nTopic\r\nProducts and services\r\nPublish date\r\nMitigating the Axios npm supply chain compromise\r\nOn March 31, 2026, the popular HTTP client Axios experienced a supply chain attack, causing two newly\r\npublished npm packages for version updates to download from command and control (C2) that Microsoft\r\nThreat Intelligence has attributed to the North Korean state actor Sapphire Sleet.\r\nStorm-2561 uses SEO poisoning to distribute fake VPN clients for credential theft\r\nStorm-2561 uses SEO poisoning to push fake VPN downloads that install signed trojans and steal VPN\r\ncredentials.\r\nAI as tradecraft: How threat actors operationalize AI\r\nThreat actors are operationalizing AI to scale and sustain malicious activity, accelerating tradecraft and\r\nincreasing risk for defenders, as illustrated by recent activity from North Korean groups such as Jasper\r\nSleet and Coral Sleet (formerly Storm-1877).\r\nInside Tycoon2FA: How a leading AiTM phishing kit operated at scale\r\nTycoon2FA has become a leading phishing-as-a-service (PhaaS) platforms, enabling campaigns that reach\r\nover 500,000 organizations monthly, prompting Microsoft’s Digital Crimes Unit (DCU) to work with\r\nEuropol and industry partners to facilitate a disruption of Tycoon2FA’s infrastructure and operations.\r\nInvestigating active exploitation of CVE-2025-10035 GoAnywhere Managed File Transfer\r\nvulnerability\r\nStorm-1175, a financially motivated actor known for deploying Medusa ransomware and exploiting public-facing applications for initial access, was observed exploiting the deserialization vulnerability in\r\nGoAnywhere MFT’s License Servlet, tracked as CVE-2025-10035.\r\nFrozen in transit: Secret Blizzard’s AiTM campaign against diplomats\r\nMicrosoft Threat Intelligence has uncovered a cyberespionage campaign by the Russian state actor we\r\ntrack as Secret Blizzard that has been ongoing since at least 2024, targeting embassies in Moscow using an\r\nadversary-in-the-middle (AiTM) position to deploy their custom ApolloShadow malware.\r\nDisrupting active exploitation of on-premises SharePoint vulnerabilities\r\nMicrosoft has observed two named Chinese nation-state actors, Linen Typhoon and Violet Typhoon,\r\nexploiting vulnerabilities targeting internet-facing SharePoint servers.\r\nProtecting customers from Octo Tempest attacks across multiple industries\r\nhttps://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2\r\nPage 2 of 3\n\nTo help protect and inform customers, Microsoft highlights protection coverage across the Microsoft\r\nDefender security ecosystem to protect against threat actors like Octo Tempest.\r\nJasper Sleet: North Korean remote IT workers’ evolving tactics to infiltrate organizations\r\nSince 2024, Microsoft Threat Intelligence has observed remote IT workers deployed by North Korea\r\nleveraging AI to improve the scale and sophistication of their operations, steal data, and generate revenue\r\nfor the North Korean government.\r\nDefending against evolving identity attack techniques\r\nThreat actors continue to develop and leverage various techniques that aim to compromise cloud identities.\r\nNew Russia-affiliated actor Void Blizzard targets critical sectors for espionage\r\nMicrosoft Threat Intelligence has discovered a cluster of worldwide cloud abuse activity conducted by a\r\nthreat actor we track as Void Blizzard, who we assess with high confidence is Russia-affiliated and has\r\nbeen active since at least April 2024.\r\nMarbled Dust leverages zero-day in Output Messenger for regional espionage\r\nSince April 2024, the threat actor that Microsoft Threat Intelligence tracks as Marbled Dust has been\r\nobserved exploiting user accounts that have not applied fixes to a zero-day vulnerability (CVE-2025-\r\n27920) in the messaging app Output Messenger, a multiplatform chat software.\r\nSource: https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2\r\nhttps://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2\r\nPage 3 of 3",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"Malpedia",
		"MISPGALAXY"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/mmpc/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"reverse-engineering-dubnium-2"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "1dadf04e-d725-426f-9f6c-08c5be7da159",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.624538Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.286895Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Darkhotel",
			"aliases": [
				"Darkhotel",
				"DUBNIUM",
				"Zigzag Hail"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Darkhotel",
			"tools": null,
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "8aaa5515-92dd-448d-bb20-3a253f4f8854",
			"created_at": "2024-06-19T02:03:08.147099Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.685355Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "IRON HUNTER",
			"aliases": [
				"ATK13 ",
				"Belugasturgeon ",
				"Blue Python ",
				"CTG-8875 ",
				"ITG12 ",
				"KRYPTON ",
				"MAKERSMARK ",
				"Pensive Ursa ",
				"Secret Blizzard ",
				"Turla",
				"UAC-0003 ",
				"UAC-0024 ",
				"UNC4210 ",
				"Venomous Bear ",
				"Waterbug "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:IRON HUNTER",
			"tools": [
				"Carbon-DLL",
				"ComRAT",
				"LightNeuron",
				"Mosquito",
				"PyFlash",
				"Skipper",
				"Snake",
				"Tavdig"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
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		{
			"id": "32e2c6f9-a1f5-42bc-ac1d-5d9dc301cf0e",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:25.078429Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.811418Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "NICKEL ALLEY",
			"aliases": [
				"CL-STA-0240 ",
				"Purplebravo Recorded Future",
				"Storm-1877 ",
				"Tenacious Pungsan "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:NICKEL ALLEY",
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			"source_id": "Secureworks",
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			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.165595Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.887031Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sea Turtle",
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				"Marbled Dust",
				"Silicon",
				"Teal Kurma",
				"UNC1326"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Sea Turtle",
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			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.874104Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.129286Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "STARDUST CHOLLIMA",
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			],
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			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
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		{
			"id": "7da6012f-680b-48fb-80c4-1b8cf82efb9c",
			"created_at": "2023-11-01T02:01:06.643737Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.340198Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Scattered Spider",
			"aliases": [
				"Scattered Spider",
				"Roasted 0ktapus",
				"Octo Tempest",
				"Storm-0875",
				"UNC3944"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Scattered Spider",
			"tools": [
				"WarzoneRAT",
				"Rclone",
				"LaZagne",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Raccoon Stealer",
				"ngrok",
				"BlackCat",
				"ConnectWise"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
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			"id": "1f05374d-f103-4882-8f74-0c3081de112e",
			"created_at": "2025-06-29T02:01:57.226883Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.968464Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Void Blizzard",
			"aliases": [
				"Laundry Bear"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Void Blizzard",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
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			"created_at": "2023-10-03T02:00:08.510742Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.374705Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Scattered Spider",
			"aliases": [
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				"Scattered Swine",
				"Octo Tempest",
				"DEV-0971",
				"Starfraud",
				"Muddled Libra",
				"Oktapus",
				"Scatter Swine",
				"0ktapus",
				"Storm-0971"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Scattered Spider",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
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		{
			"id": "aacd5cbc-604b-4b6e-9e58-ef96c5d1a784",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.953463Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.159523Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT31",
			"aliases": [
				"JUDGMENT PANDA",
				"BRONZE VINEWOOD",
				"Red keres",
				"Violet Typhoon",
				"TA412"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT31",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
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			"created_at": "2024-05-01T02:03:08.149923Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.763147Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "TUNGSTEN BRIDGE",
			"aliases": [
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				"ATK52 ",
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				"DUBNIUM ",
				"DarkHotel ",
				"Fallout Team ",
				"Shadow Crane ",
				"Zigzag Hail "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:TUNGSTEN BRIDGE",
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				"Tapaoux"
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			"source_id": "Secureworks",
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		{
			"id": "e3492534-85a6-4c87-a754-5ae4a56d7c8c",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.819113Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.354598Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Threat Group-3390",
			"aliases": [
				"Threat Group-3390",
				"Earth Smilodon",
				"TG-3390",
				"Emissary Panda",
				"BRONZE UNION",
				"APT27",
				"Iron Tiger",
				"LuckyMouse",
				"Linen Typhoon"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Threat Group-3390",
			"tools": [
				"Systeminfo",
				"gsecdump",
				"PlugX",
				"ASPXSpy",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Impacket",
				"gh0st RAT",
				"certutil",
				"China Chopper",
				"HTTPBrowser",
				"Tasklist",
				"netstat",
				"SysUpdate",
				"HyperBro",
				"ZxShell",
				"RCSession",
				"ipconfig",
				"Clambling",
				"pwdump",
				"NBTscan",
				"Pandora",
				"Windows Credential Editor"
			],
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			"id": "33ae2a40-02cd-4dba-8461-d0a50e75578b",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.947314Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.155091Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Sea Turtle",
			"aliases": [
				"UNC1326",
				"COSMIC WOLF",
				"Marbled Dust",
				"SILICON",
				"Teal Kurma"
			],
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			"tools": [],
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			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.357398Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.368552Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "ZIRCONIUM",
			"aliases": [
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				"Violet Typhoon"
			],
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			"tools": null,
			"source_id": "MITRE",
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		},
		{
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			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.349252Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.949821Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Turla",
			"aliases": [
				"ATK 13",
				"Belugasturgeon",
				"Blue Python",
				"CTG-8875",
				"G0010",
				"Group 88",
				"ITG12",
				"Iron Hunter",
				"Krypton",
				"Makersmark",
				"Operation Epic Turla",
				"Operation Moonlight Maze",
				"Operation Penguin Turla",
				"Operation Satellite Turla",
				"Operation Skipper Turla",
				"Operation Turla Mosquito",
				"Operation WITCHCOVEN",
				"Pacifier APT",
				"Pensive Ursa",
				"Popeye",
				"SIG15",
				"SIG2",
				"SIG23",
				"Secret Blizzard",
				"TAG-0530",
				"Turla",
				"UNC4210",
				"Venomous Bear",
				"Waterbug"
			],
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			"tools": [
				"ASPXSpy",
				"ASPXTool",
				"ATI-Agent",
				"AdobeARM",
				"Agent.BTZ",
				"Agent.DNE",
				"ApolloShadow",
				"BigBoss",
				"COMpfun",
				"Chinch",
				"Cloud Duke",
				"CloudDuke",
				"CloudLook",
				"Cobra Carbon System",
				"ComRAT",
				"DoublePulsar",
				"EmPyre",
				"EmpireProject",
				"Epic Turla",
				"EternalBlue",
				"EternalRomance",
				"GoldenSky",
				"Group Policy Results Tool",
				"HTML5 Encoding",
				"HyperStack",
				"IcedCoffee",
				"IronNetInjector",
				"KSL0T",
				"Kapushka",
				"Kazuar",
				"KopiLuwak",
				"Kotel",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"LightNeuron",
				"Living off the Land",
				"Maintools.js",
				"Metasploit",
				"Meterpreter",
				"MiamiBeach",
				"Mimikatz",
				"MiniDionis",
				"Minit",
				"NBTscan",
				"NETTRANS",
				"NETVulture",
				"Neptun",
				"NetFlash",
				"NewPass",
				"Outlook Backdoor",
				"Penquin Turla",
				"Pfinet",
				"PowerShell Empire",
				"PowerShellRunner",
				"PowerShellRunner-based RPC backdoor",
				"PowerStallion",
				"PsExec",
				"PyFlash",
				"QUIETCANARY",
				"Reductor RAT",
				"RocketMan",
				"SMBTouch",
				"SScan",
				"Satellite Turla",
				"SilentMoon",
				"Sun rootkit",
				"TTNG",
				"TadjMakhal",
				"Tavdig",
				"TinyTurla",
				"TinyTurla Next Generation",
				"TinyTurla-NG",
				"Topinambour",
				"Tunnus",
				"Turla",
				"Turla SilentMoon",
				"TurlaChopper",
				"Uroburos",
				"Urouros",
				"WCE",
				"WITCHCOVEN",
				"WhiteAtlas",
				"WhiteBear",
				"Windows Credential Editor",
				"Windows Credentials Editor",
				"Wipbot",
				"WorldCupSec",
				"XTRANS",
				"certutil",
				"certutil.exe",
				"gpresult",
				"nbtscan",
				"nbtstat",
				"pwdump"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "2b4eec94-7672-4bee-acb2-b857d0d26d12",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.272109Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.906089Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "DarkHotel",
			"aliases": [
				"T-APT-02",
				"Nemim",
				"Nemin",
				"Shadow Crane",
				"G0012",
				"DUBNIUM",
				"Karba",
				"APT-C-06",
				"SIG25",
				"TUNGSTEN BRIDGE",
				"Zigzag Hail",
				"Fallout Team",
				"Luder",
				"Tapaoux",
				"ATK52"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:DarkHotel",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "c0cedde3-5a9b-430f-9b77-e6568307205e",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.528994Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.642473Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "DarkHotel",
			"aliases": [
				"APT-C-06",
				"ATK 52",
				"CTG-1948",
				"Dubnium",
				"Fallout Team",
				"G0012",
				"G0126",
				"Higaisa",
				"Luder",
				"Operation DarkHotel",
				"Operation Daybreak",
				"Operation Inexsmar",
				"Operation PowerFall",
				"Operation The Gh0st Remains the Same",
				"Purple Pygmy",
				"SIG25",
				"Shadow Crane",
				"T-APT-02",
				"TieOnJoe",
				"Tungsten Bridge",
				"Zigzag Hail"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:DarkHotel",
			"tools": [
				"Asruex",
				"DarkHotel",
				"DmaUp3.exe",
				"GreezeBackdoor",
				"Karba",
				"Nemain",
				"Nemim",
				"Ramsay",
				"Retro",
				"Tapaoux",
				"Trojan.Win32.Karba.e",
				"Virus.Win32.Pioneer.dx",
				"igfxext.exe",
				"msieckc.exe"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "d093e8d9-b093-47b8-a988-2a5cbf3ccec9",
			"created_at": "2023-10-14T02:03:13.99057Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.531987Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Scattered Spider",
			"aliases": [
				"0ktapus",
				"LUCR-3",
				"Muddled Libra",
				"Octo Tempest",
				"Scatter Swine",
				"Scattered Spider",
				"Star Fraud",
				"Storm-0875",
				"UNC3944"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Scattered Spider",
			"tools": [
				"ADRecon",
				"AnyDesk",
				"ConnectWise",
				"DCSync",
				"FiveTran",
				"FleetDeck",
				"Govmomi",
				"Hekatomb",
				"Impacket",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"LaZagne",
				"Living off the Land",
				"Lumma Stealer",
				"LummaC2",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Ngrok",
				"PingCastle",
				"ProcDump",
				"PsExec",
				"Pulseway",
				"Pure Storage FlashArray",
				"Pure Storage FlashArray PowerShell SDK",
				"RedLine Stealer",
				"Rsocx",
				"RustDesk",
				"ScreenConnect",
				"SharpHound",
				"Socat",
				"Spidey Bot",
				"Splashtop",
				"Stealc",
				"TacticalRMM",
				"Tailscale",
				"TightVNC",
				"VIDAR",
				"Vidar Stealer",
				"WinRAR",
				"WsTunnel",
				"gosecretsdump"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "732597b1-40a8-474c-88cc-eb8a421c29f1",
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