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	"id": "f732c4c8-0b86-4bcd-8ea8-261fd838093e",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:14:04.484757Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T03:38:19.982836Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "1cc02a914495f8aabbbaa07d4de1b065b311bee8",
	"title": "APT trends report Q3 2023",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
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	"plain_text": "APT trends report Q3 2023\r\nBy GReAT\r\nPublished: 2023-10-17 · Archived: 2026-04-05 16:35:52 UTC\r\nFor more than six years, the Global Research and Analysis Team (GReAT) at Kaspersky has been publishing\r\nquarterly summaries of advanced persistent threat (APT) activity. These summaries are based on our threat\r\nintelligence research; and they provide a representative snapshot of what we have published and discussed in\r\ngreater detail in our private APT reports. They are designed to highlight the significant events and findings that we\r\nfeel people should be aware of.\r\nThis is our latest installment, focusing on activities that we observed during Q3 2023.\r\nReaders who would like to learn more about our intelligence reports or request more information on a specific\r\nreport, are encouraged to contact intelreports@kaspersky.com.\r\nIn early 2023, we discovered an ongoing attack targeting government entities in the APAC region by\r\ncompromising a specific type of a secure USB drive, which provides hardware encryption. Such secure USB\r\ndrives are used by the government organisations of the country to securely store and transfer data physically\r\nbetween computer systems. The USB drive contains a protected partition which can only be accessed via custom\r\nsoftware bundled on an unencrypted part of the USB and a passphrase known to the user.\r\nFurther investigation revealed a long-running campaign consisting of various malicious modules, used to execute\r\ncommands and collect files and information from compromised machines and pass them on to further machines\r\nusing the same or other secure USB drives as a carrier. They are also capable of executing other malicious files on\r\nthe infected systems.\r\nThe attack comprises sophisticated tools and techniques, including virtualization-based software obfuscation for\r\nmalware components, low-level communication with the USB drive using direct SCSI commands, self-replication\r\nthrough connected secure USB drives to propagate to other air-gapped systems and injection of code into a\r\nlegitimate access management program on the USB drive which acts as a loader for the malware on a new\r\nmachine.\r\nThe attacks were extremely targeted and had a quite limited number of victims. Our investigation revealed a high\r\nlevel of sophistication in the malicious tools used in the deployment of the attacks. We believe these attacks have\r\nbeen carried out by a highly-skilled and resourceful threat actor interested in espionage activities in sensitive and\r\nprotected government networks. It is therefore very important to build a deep understanding of the TTPs of this\r\nthreat actor and to watch out for future attacks.\r\nBlindEagle has targeted both government entities and individuals in South America. While the threat actor’s\r\nprimary focus is espionage, it has also shown an interest in stealing financial data. One notable characteristic of\r\nBlindEagle is the threat actor’s propensity to cycle through various open-source remote access Trojans (RATs)\r\nsuch as AsyncRAT, Lime-RAT and BitRAT, and use them as the final payload to achieve its objectives. A recent\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 1 of 6\n\ndevelopment in BlindEagle’s modus operandi involves a shift in its choice of final payload. Previously, our reports\r\nhighlighted the group’s transition from the Quasar RAT to njRAT, showcasing its dynamic approach. In its most\r\nrecent wave of attacks, BlindEagle has once again adapted, embracing yet another open-source RAT, Agent Tesla.\r\nThis strategic shift signals its intent to intensify its surveillance capabilities and expand its range of targets.\r\nBlindEagle subsequently added the Remcos RAT to its toolset in attacks on government entities, private\r\ncompanies and individuals in Colombia. The initial attack vector was a phishing email disguised as an email from\r\na government entity or service. This email contained a link leading to a password-protected archive hosted on\r\nGoogle Drive, which represented the first stage of the infection – a .NET binary that was obfuscated and trying to\r\npass itself off as an OpenVPN binary, when in fact it was a malware loader. The final payload was a loaded\r\nmalware implant, the Remcos RAT – the fourth type of remote administration tool adopted by this threat actor\r\nwithin a few months of operation.\r\nIn a stunning display of grit, given the group’s lack of resources and development talent, this threat actor cycles\r\nthrough open-source RATs to supply the implants it uses. However, we continue to observe these types of groups\r\nand their successful intrusion sets in the less-reported parts of the world. This ongoing trend is one that, over time,\r\nwill transform these lesser actors into better resourced, more capable offensive adversaries.\r\nRussian-speaking activity\r\nBeginning in late 2022, a new and unknown APT group launched attacks against multiple entities in Russia. The\r\ngroup targets its victims by sending spear-phishing emails with Microsoft Office documents attached. This\r\ninitiates a multi-level infection scheme leading to the installation of a new Trojan, which is primarily designed to\r\nexfiltrate files from the victim’s machine and gain control by executing arbitrary commands. The first observed\r\nwave of attacks commenced in October 2022, followed by another in April 2023, with the aim of compromising\r\ndozens of victims, including government entities, military contractors, universities and hospitals. We are currently\r\nunable to link the activity to any known group, so we dubbed both waves of attacks “BadRory”. The name is a\r\nreference to text in one of the malicious files taken from the classic novel “The Adventures of Roderick Random”,\r\nwhich tells the life story of the protagonist, Roderick “Rory” Random.\r\nChinese-speaking activity\r\nOne of the more unique components of HoneyMyte’s malware set includes cookie stealers for web-based\r\nproductivity and email services from a wide range of browsers. The stolen cookies can be used later to remotely\r\naccess victims’ email accounts. These implants, which haven’t been seen in any other APTs, were recently\r\nobserved in Vietnam, starting in June of this year. The new cookie-stealer variant adds support for “Coc coc”, a\r\nlocalized browser built specifically for the Vietnamese market. These are new variants of the same hacking tools\r\nthat we first reported in August 2019, and later detailed again in June 2021.\r\nIn late 2021, we first documented “Owowa”, a malicious IIS backdoor module that had been deployed primarily\r\nin Asia since 2020. At that time, we showed that Owowa may have been developed by a Chinese-speaking\r\nindividual. We continued to monitor the possible deployment of Owowa and discovered that, starting in May\r\n2022, an updated variant was uniquely used against targets in Russia. We were later able to link the deployment of\r\nOwowa with an email-based intrusion chain that mimicked known CloudAtlas activity. We refer to the malicious\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 2 of 6\n\ncampaign of attacks that leverage both Owowa and the email-based intrusion chain against common targets in\r\nRussia as “GOFFEE”. The campaign is still ongoing.\r\nIn January, we reported on an in-memory implant named “TargetPlug”: operations using this implant focused on\r\nthe gaming sector, primarily in South Korea. In April of this year, we saw a fresh surge of attacks involving related\r\nvariants of TargetPlug. Notably, these attacks expanded their scope to include entities within the software and\r\nentertainment domains located in Spain and Mexico. These newer iterations of TargetPlug exhibit various changes\r\nin their loader components. The malware architects removed a distinctive string that previously served as a telltale\r\ncompromise marker within the loader, and introduced a string hashing algorithm derived from omniORB, an\r\nopen-source Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) implementation.\r\nSpanish-speaking activity\r\nSee above, “The most remarkable findings”.\r\nMiddle East\r\nDark Caracal, a highly skilled threat group operating with nation-state level capabilities, has been conducting\r\ncyber-espionage campaigns since at least 2012. The group’s campaigns target governments, military entities,\r\nutilities, financial institutions, manufacturing companies and defense contractors worldwide. This threat actor is\r\nknown for stealing valuable data, including intellectual property and personally identifiable information,\r\nimpacting thousands of victims. This group has been referenced as a “cyber mercenary threat group” due to the\r\nvariety of targets and the apparent targeting of multiple governments in its campaigns. Since 2021, this group’s\r\nactivity has been reported to be focused on Spanish-speaking countries, mainly in Latin America. While tracking\r\nDark Caracal’s activity, we discovered an ongoing campaign targeting public and private sector entities in multiple\r\nSpanish-speaking countries.\r\nStrongyPity (aka PROMETHIUM) is a Turkish-speaking threat actor known to have been active since at least\r\n2012. We first reported it in 2016 following a series of attacks against users in Italy and Belgium, where it used\r\nwatering-hole attacks to deliver malicious versions of WinRAR and TrueCrypt. In 2020, we discovered a new\r\nversion of the StrongPity implant that we named StrongPity4, which appeared to be more advanced than previous\r\nvariants and was detected with a small number of victims in Egypt, Syria and Turkey. We have continued to\r\nmonitor the attacker’s activities over the past few years. Another Chinese vendor reported a similar attack against\r\nentities in China and partially described a similar implant and various modules deployed by the attacker on\r\nspecific victim machines. These new modules were not publicly available, but we were able to detect them on\r\ntargets in the Middle East and North Africa. In a recent report, we described these additional modules, which are\r\nused to search for relevant files on victim machines that can then be exfiltrated, as well as log keystrokes and take\r\nscreenshots. We also discovered new variants of loaders used to start the main StrongPity implants, and observed\r\nan expansion of attacker activity to new countries: Algeria, Lebanon, Armenia and Iran.\r\nIn a recent investigation, we discovered malicious PowerShell scripts that indicate the attackers behind these\r\nscripts are active inside multiple high-profile private and public organizations in the Levant region. Our telemetry\r\nshows that this threat actor’s latest endeavor – Operation BlackCrescent – is focused on entities in specific\r\ncountries, namely: Palestine, Syria, Lebanon and Iran. The artefacts we collected in this investigation indicate that\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 3 of 6\n\nthe operation may have been active for several years, dating back to at least 2020 or earlier. While we couldn’t tie\r\nthe majority of the victims to specific industries or the activities to a specific threat actor, one of the victims is a\r\ntelecom equipment supplier in the Middle East. We assess with low confidence that this operation has ties to the\r\nLyceum threat group. Lyceum is believed to be a Farsi-speaking threat group that has been active since 2018 and\r\nmay be behind this novel PowerShell tool set. This threat group’s tradecraft, in turn, has some notable similarities\r\nto the prolific OilRig and the infamous DNSpionage.\r\nBellaCiao is .NET-based malware publicly associated with the threat actor Charming Kitten (aka Newsbeef and\r\nAPT35). In May, we published a detailed research report investigating hitherto unreported activity by this threat\r\nactor. More recently, however, we have encountered new iterations of this malware, exposing additional\r\ncommand-and-control (C2) addresses and some minor changes in its methodology. By consolidating and\r\nanalyzing all discovered samples we were able to shed some light on the malware’s development and evolution\r\nthrough its PDB paths.\r\nWe observed MuddyWater leveraging Ligolo, an open-source reverse tunneling project hosted on GitHub, in its\r\nmalicious activities. Microsoft unveiled a sample called “vpnui.exe” that was identified as a Ligolo tool. However,\r\nthere is not much information about the specifics of how Ligolo works, so we tried to shed some light on it,\r\nfocusing on its customized variants and the threat actor’s efforts to conceal its operations. Our investigation\r\nuncovered two distinct files that can definitively be categorized as customized Ligolo tools. These variants go\r\nbeyond Ligolo’s standard functionality and attempt to emulate VPN solutions from Cisco and Palo Alto. This\r\nemulation goes beyond appearance, as these customized Ligolo tools incorporate metadata reminiscent of\r\nauthentic VPN services, effectively masking their true nature. The primary objective of this customization is to\r\nevade detection and maintain a covert presence within targeted systems, making it difficult for security tools and\r\nsecurity staff to identify them as malicious.\r\nSoutheast Asia and Korean Peninsula\r\nWe discovered an ongoing Lazarus campaign targeting the defense industry and nuclear engineers. Lazarus uses\r\nTrojanized apps, especially backdoored VNC apps, to access enterprise systems. The threat actor tricks job seekers\r\non social media into opening malicious apps for fake job interviews. To avoid detection by behavior-based\r\nsecurity solutions, this backdoored application operates discreetly, only activating when the user selects a server\r\nfrom the drop-down menu of the Trojanized VNC client. The application launches additional payloads into\r\nmemory and retrieves further malicious code. Through our telemetry, we have observed the installation of an\r\nadditional payload on the victim’s system. Once the compromised VNC client is executed by the victim, it triggers\r\nthe creation of further malware known as “LPEClient”, which has been previously used by the Lazarus group on\r\nmultiple occasions. It also employs sophisticated C2 communication methods and disables behavior monitoring\r\nby unhooking user-mode syscalls. We also saw the use of an updated version of COPPERHEDGE as an additional\r\nbackdoor, with a complex infection chain. In addition, we observed the presence of a malware variant specifically\r\ndesigned to transfer targeted files to a remote server. The purpose of this particular malware is to exfiltrate specific\r\nfiles chosen by the Lazarus group and send them to their designated remote server. Through our telemetry, we\r\nhave confirmed numerous instances of compromised companies. The majority of these affected companies are\r\ndirectly involved in defense manufacturing, including radar systems, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), military\r\nvehicles, ships, weaponry and maritime companies. Furthermore, our observations led us to identify the username\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 4 of 6\n\nassociated with the initial infection. Subsequently, through conversations with the victim, we verified that this\r\nindeed corresponded to the real name of the victim. This individual is a nuclear engineer based in Hungary who\r\nreceived the malicious file after being in contact with a suspicious account via Telegram and WhatsApp.\r\nDuring our assessment of Origami Elephant, we encountered an initial infection sample that resembled the\r\ninfection chains of Vtyrei and RTY, leading to its classification under Origami Elephant. However, the first and\r\nfinal payloads differed from their typical malware. Upon closer examination, we noticed similarities between\r\nRTY’s infection chain and the downloader, which we subsequently named CSVtyrei. CSVtyrei bore a striking\r\nresemblance to Vtyrei, a downloader used to deploy RTY. Our thorough investigation uncovered a novel\r\n.NET=based backdoor called Firebird, with a main loader and at least three plugins. All samples demonstrated\r\nrobust protection through ConfuserEx, resulting in an exceptionally low detection rate. With a limited impact, we\r\nidentified only a handful of victims in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Some code within the examples appeared non-functional, hinting at ongoing development efforts.\r\nWhile tracking the activities of the ScarCruft group, we stumbled upon a novel infection chain. It was initiated by\r\na cleverly crafted macro-embedded Word document that posed as a commercial invoice written in Russian. Once\r\npermission is obtained to execute the embedded macro, a highly sophisticated infection chain is executed. The\r\ninitial infection vector injects a relatively large first-stage shellcode, including additional packages needed for\r\ninstallation, into a legitimate Windows process. Once the victim’s status is verified, the shellcode proceeds to\r\ninstall the Windows Resource Kit, using it to establish a persistent Windows service. In addition, if Python is not\r\npresent on the victim’s system, the shellcode drops the Python package to enable further infection. It then deploys\r\nthe malicious Python script and the next-stage payload to the victim. This process goes through two more\r\nshellcode stages before ultimately executing the Windows executable payload without any disk involvement,\r\ndeploying the well-known RokRat or BlueLight malware. The final payload uses only cloud services such as\r\nOneDrive, GoogleDrive, PCloud and BackBlaze for its C2 operations and data exfiltration. While investigating\r\nthis case, we discovered that the attacker had compromised their own host for testing purposes, giving us a\r\nvaluable insight into their testing environment. Moreover, our telemetry strongly suggests that the intended target\r\nof this attack was an individual or entity associated with a trading company linked to Russia and North Korea.\r\nFinal thoughts\r\nWhile the TTPs of some threat actors remain consistent over time, relying heavily on social engineering as a\r\nmeans of gaining a foothold in a target organization or compromising an individual’s device, others have refreshed\r\ntheir toolsets and expanded the scope of their activities. Our regular quarterly reviews are intended to highlight the\r\nmost significant developments among APT groups.\r\nHere are the main trends that we’ve seen in Q3 2023:\r\nKey highlights this quarter include the attack on government entities in the APAC region by compromising\r\na specific type of a secure USB drive and BlindEagle’s Latin American activities – the latter underlining\r\nthe fact that not all “successful” APT incidents require technical sophistication.\r\nWe’ve become accustomed to seeing established threat actors enhance their toolsets over time. This\r\nquarter, for example, ScarCruft’s novel multi-stage infection chain, successive RATs used by BlindEagle\r\nand MuddyWater’s emulation of VPN applications.\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 5 of 6\n\nWe have also seen a campaign from a newly discovered threat actor, BadRory.\r\nAPT campaigns continue to be very geographically dispersed. This quarter, we’ve seen actors focusing\r\ntheir attacks on Europe, South America, the Middle East and various parts of Asia.\r\nWe have seen attacks targeting a wide variety of sectors, including government, military, defence, gaming,\r\nsoftware, entertainment, utilities, finance and manufacturing.\r\nGeo-politics remains a key driver of APT development, and cyber-espionage remains a prime goal of APT\r\ncampaigns.\r\nAs always, we would note that our reports are the product of our visibility into the threat landscape. However, it\r\nshould be borne in mind that, while we strive to continually improve, there is always the possibility that other\r\nsophisticated attacks may fly under our radar.\r\nDisclaimer: when referring to APT groups as Russian-speaking, Chinese-speaking or “other-speaking”\r\nlanguages, we refer to various artefacts used by the groups (such as malware debugging strings, comments found\r\nin scripts, etc.) containing words in these languages, based on the information we obtained directly or that is\r\notherwise publicly known and widely reported. The use of certain languages does not necessarily indicate a\r\nspecific geographic relation, but rather points to the languages that the developers behind these APT artefacts\r\nuse.\r\nSource: https://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nhttps://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/\r\nPage 6 of 6",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"MISPGALAXY",
		"Malpedia"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://securelist.com/apt-trends-report-q3-2023/110752/"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"110752"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "82b92285-4588-48c9-8578-bb39f903cf62",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.850506Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.418577Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Charming Kitten",
			"aliases": [
				"Charming Kitten"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Charming Kitten",
			"tools": [
				"DownPaper"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "6f30fd35-b1c9-43c4-9137-2f61cd5f031e",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:25.082908Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.744649Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "NICKEL FOXCROFT",
			"aliases": [
				"APT37 ",
				"ATK4 ",
				"Group 123 ",
				"InkySquid ",
				"Moldy Pisces ",
				"Operation Daybreak ",
				"Operaton Erebus ",
				"RICOCHET CHOLLIMA ",
				"Reaper ",
				"ScarCruft ",
				"TA-RedAnt ",
				"Venus 121 "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:NICKEL FOXCROFT",
			"tools": [
				"Bluelight",
				"Chinotto",
				"GOLDBACKDOOR",
				"KevDroid",
				"KoSpy",
				"PoorWeb",
				"ROKRAT",
				"final1stpy"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "d8af157e-741b-4933-bb4a-b78490951d97",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.748929Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.087356Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT35",
			"aliases": [
				"COBALT MIRAGE",
				"Agent Serpens",
				"Newscaster Team",
				"Magic Hound",
				"G0059",
				"Phosphorus",
				"Mint Sandstorm",
				"TunnelVision"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT35",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "cde987a8-c71f-49e2-b761-5b7fa2b4ada6",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.706646Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.719127Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Hexane",
			"aliases": [
				"ATK 120",
				"Cobalt Lyceum",
				"G1001",
				"Lyceum",
				"Operation Out to Sea",
				"Siamesekitten",
				"Yellow Dev 9"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Hexane",
			"tools": [
				"DanBot",
				"DanDrop",
				"Decrypt-RDCMan.ps1",
				"Get-LAPSP.ps1",
				"James",
				"Milan",
				"kl.ps1"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "2ac63ef4-a7b8-4a30-96ad-b30ccb2073fc",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.546262Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.651083Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Donot Team",
			"aliases": [
				"APT-C-35",
				"Mint Tempest",
				"Origami Elephant",
				"SectorE02"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Donot Team",
			"tools": [
				"BackConfig",
				"EHDevel",
				"Jaca",
				"yty"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "34eea331-d052-4096-ae03-a22f1d090bd4",
			"created_at": "2025-08-07T02:03:25.073494Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.709243Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "NICKEL ACADEMY",
			"aliases": [
				"ATK3 ",
				"Black Artemis ",
				"COVELLITE ",
				"CTG-2460 ",
				"Citrine Sleet ",
				"Diamond Sleet ",
				"Guardians of Peace",
				"HIDDEN COBRA ",
				"High Anonymous",
				"Labyrinth Chollima ",
				"Lazarus Group ",
				"NNPT Group",
				"New Romanic Cyber Army Team",
				"Temp.Hermit ",
				"UNC577 ",
				"Who Am I?",
				"Whois Team",
				"ZINC "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:NICKEL ACADEMY",
			"tools": [
				"Destover",
				"KorHigh",
				"Volgmer"
			],
			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "67fbc7d7-ba8e-4258-b53c-9a5d755e1960",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.077859Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.860725Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Promethium",
			"aliases": [
				"APT-C-41",
				"G0056",
				"Magenta Dust",
				"Promethium",
				"StrongPity"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Promethium",
			"tools": [
				"StrongPity",
				"StrongPity2",
				"StrongPity3",
				"Truvasys"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "02e1c2df-8abd-49b1-91d1-61bc733cf96b",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.308924Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.298591Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "MuddyWater",
			"aliases": [
				"MuddyWater",
				"Earth Vetala",
				"Static Kitten",
				"Seedworm",
				"TEMP.Zagros",
				"Mango Sandstorm",
				"TA450"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:MuddyWater",
			"tools": [
				"STARWHALE",
				"POWERSTATS",
				"Out1",
				"PowerSploit",
				"Small Sieve",
				"Mori",
				"Mimikatz",
				"LaZagne",
				"PowGoop",
				"CrackMapExec",
				"ConnectWise",
				"SHARPSTATS",
				"RemoteUtilities",
				"Koadic"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "cbede712-4cc3-47c6-bf78-92fd9f1beac6",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.777222Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.399303Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "PROMETHIUM",
			"aliases": [
				"PROMETHIUM",
				"StrongPity"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:PROMETHIUM",
			"tools": [
				"Truvasys",
				"StrongPity"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "8de10e16-817c-4907-bd98-b64cf4a3e77b",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.552766Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.362919Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Dark Caracal",
			"aliases": [
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				"TEMP.Zagros",
				"Yellow Nix"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:MuddyWater",
			"tools": [
				"Agentemis",
				"BugSleep",
				"CLOUDSTATS",
				"ChromeCookiesView",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"CobaltStrike",
				"CrackMapExec",
				"DCHSpy",
				"DELPHSTATS",
				"EmPyre",
				"EmpireProject",
				"FruityC2",
				"Koadic",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"LaZagne",
				"Living off the Land",
				"MZCookiesView",
				"Meterpreter",
				"Mimikatz",
				"MuddyC2Go",
				"MuddyRot",
				"Mudwater",
				"POWERSTATS",
				"PRB-Backdoor",
				"PhonyC2",
				"PowGoop",
				"PowerShell Empire",
				"PowerSploit",
				"Powermud",
				"QUADAGENT",
				"SHARPSTATS",
				"SSF",
				"Secure Socket Funneling",
				"Shootback",
				"Smbmap",
				"Valyria",
				"chrome-passwords",
				"cobeacon",
				"prb_backdoor"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "a2b92056-9378-4749-926b-7e10c4500dac",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.430595Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.971571Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Lazarus Group",
			"aliases": [
				"Operation DarkSeoul",
				"Bureau 121",
				"Group 77",
				"APT38",
				"NICKEL GLADSTONE",
				"G0082",
				"COPERNICIUM",
				"Moonstone Sleet",
				"Operation GhostSecret",
				"APT 38",
				"Appleworm",
				"Unit 121",
				"ATK3",
				"G0032",
				"ATK117",
				"NewRomanic Cyber Army Team",
				"Nickel Academy",
				"Sapphire Sleet",
				"Lazarus group",
				"Hastati Group",
				"Subgroup: Bluenoroff",
				"Operation Troy",
				"Black Artemis",
				"Dark Seoul",
				"Andariel",
				"Labyrinth Chollima",
				"Operation AppleJeus",
				"COVELLITE",
				"Citrine Sleet",
				"DEV-0139",
				"DEV-1222",
				"Hidden Cobra",
				"Bluenoroff",
				"Stardust Chollima",
				"Whois Hacking Team",
				"Diamond Sleet",
				"TA404",
				"BeagleBoyz",
				"APT-C-26"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Lazarus Group",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "32a223a8-3c79-4146-87c5-8557d38662ae",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.703698Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.261989Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Lazarus Group",
			"aliases": [
				"Lazarus Group",
				"Labyrinth Chollima",
				"HIDDEN COBRA",
				"Guardians of Peace",
				"NICKEL ACADEMY",
				"Diamond Sleet"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:Lazarus Group",
			"tools": [
				"RawDisk",
				"Proxysvc",
				"BADCALL",
				"FALLCHILL",
				"WannaCry",
				"MagicRAT",
				"HOPLIGHT",
				"TYPEFRAME",
				"Dtrack",
				"HotCroissant",
				"HARDRAIN",
				"Dacls",
				"KEYMARBLE",
				"TAINTEDSCRIBE",
				"AuditCred",
				"netsh",
				"ECCENTRICBANDWAGON",
				"AppleJeus",
				"BLINDINGCAN",
				"ThreatNeedle",
				"Volgmer",
				"Cryptoistic",
				"RATANKBA",
				"Bankshot"
			],
			"source_id": "MITRE",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "e034b94b-9655-42c4-a72e-a58807dce299",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.133537Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.876832Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Rocket Kitten",
			"aliases": [
				"Group 83",
				"NewsBeef",
				"Newscaster",
				"Operation Newscaster",
				"Operation Woolen-GoldFish",
				"Parastoo",
				"Rocket Kitten"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Rocket Kitten",
			"tools": [
				"CoreImpact (Modified)",
				"FireMalv",
				"Ghole",
				"Gholee"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "d325182a-f832-4792-bf86-479c97b46f89",
			"created_at": "2023-11-08T02:00:07.104537Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.41429Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "BadRory",
			"aliases": [],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:BadRory",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "2ee03999-5432-4a65-a850-c543b4fefc3d",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.882813Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.776949Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Mustang Panda",
			"aliases": [
				"Bronze President",
				"Camaro Dragon",
				"Earth Preta",
				"G0129",
				"Hive0154",
				"HoneyMyte",
				"Mustang Panda",
				"Operation SMUGX",
				"Operation SmugX",
				"PKPLUG",
				"Red Lich",
				"Stately Taurus",
				"TEMP.Hex",
				"Twill Typhoon"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Mustang Panda",
			"tools": [
				"9002 RAT",
				"AdFind",
				"Agent.dhwf",
				"Agentemis",
				"CHINACHOPPER",
				"China Chopper",
				"Chymine",
				"ClaimLoader",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"CobaltStrike",
				"DCSync",
				"DOPLUGS",
				"Darkmoon",
				"Destroy RAT",
				"DestroyRAT",
				"Farseer",
				"Gen:Trojan.Heur.PT",
				"HOMEUNIX",
				"Hdump",
				"HenBox",
				"HidraQ",
				"Hodur",
				"Homux",
				"HopperTick",
				"Hydraq",
				"Impacket",
				"Kaba",
				"Korplug",
				"LadonGo",
				"MQsTTang",
				"McRAT",
				"MdmBot",
				"Mimikatz",
				"NBTscan",
				"NetSess",
				"Netview",
				"Orat",
				"POISONPLUG.SHADOW",
				"PUBLOAD",
				"PVE Find AD Users",
				"PlugX",
				"Poison Ivy",
				"PowerView",
				"QMAGENT",
				"RCSession",
				"RedDelta",
				"Roarur",
				"SPIVY",
				"ShadowPad Winnti",
				"SinoChopper",
				"Sogu",
				"TIGERPLUG",
				"TONEINS",
				"TONESHELL",
				"TVT",
				"TeamViewer",
				"Thoper",
				"TinyNote",
				"WispRider",
				"WmiExec",
				"XShellGhost",
				"Xamtrav",
				"Zupdax",
				"cobeacon",
				"nbtscan",
				"nmap",
				"pivy",
				"poisonivy"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "b6436f7b-6012-4969-aed1-d440e2e8b238",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.91517Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.788408Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "OilRig",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 34",
				"ATK 40",
				"Chrysene",
				"Cobalt Gypsy",
				"Crambus",
				"DEV-0861",
				"EUROPIUM",
				"Earth Simnavaz",
				"Evasive Serpens",
				"G0049",
				"Hazel Sandstorm",
				"Helix Kitten",
				"IRN2",
				"ITG13",
				"Scarred Manticore",
				"Storm-0861",
				"TA452",
				"Twisted Kitten",
				"UNC1860",
				"Yellow Maero"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:OilRig",
			"tools": [
				"AMATIAS",
				"Agent Drable",
				"Agent Injector",
				"AgentDrable",
				"Alma Communicator",
				"BONDUPDATER",
				"CACTUSPIPE",
				"Clayslide",
				"CypherRat",
				"DNSExfitrator",
				"DNSpionage",
				"DROPSHOT",
				"DistTrack",
				"DropperBackdoor",
				"Fox Panel",
				"GREYSTUFF",
				"GoogleDrive RAT",
				"HighShell",
				"HyperShell",
				"ISMAgent",
				"ISMDoor",
				"ISMInjector",
				"Jason",
				"Karkoff",
				"LIONTAIL",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"LONGWATCH",
				"LaZagne",
				"Living off the Land",
				"MailDropper",
				"Mimikatz",
				"MrPerfectInstaller",
				"OILYFACE",
				"OopsIE",
				"POWBAT",
				"POWRUNER",
				"Plink",
				"Poison Frog",
				"PowerExchange",
				"PsList",
				"PuTTY Link",
				"QUADAGENT",
				"RDAT",
				"RGDoor",
				"SEASHARPEE",
				"Saitama",
				"Saitama Backdoor",
				"Shamoon",
				"SideTwist",
				"SpyNote",
				"SpyNote RAT",
				"StoneDrill",
				"TONEDEAF",
				"TONEDEAF 2.0",
				"ThreeDollars",
				"TwoFace",
				"VALUEVAULT",
				"Webmask",
				"WinRAR",
				"ZEROCLEAR",
				"ZeroCleare",
				"certutil",
				"certutil.exe"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "9b02c527-5077-489e-9a80-5d88947fddab",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.103499Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.867181Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Reaper",
			"aliases": [
				"APT 37",
				"ATK 4",
				"Cerium",
				"Crooked Pisces",
				"G0067",
				"Geumseong121",
				"Group 123",
				"ITG10",
				"InkySquid",
				"Moldy Pisces",
				"Opal Sleet",
				"Operation Are You Happy?",
				"Operation Battle Cruiser",
				"Operation Black Banner",
				"Operation Daybreak",
				"Operation Dragon messenger",
				"Operation Erebus",
				"Operation Evil New Year",
				"Operation Evil New Year 2018",
				"Operation Fractured Block",
				"Operation Fractured Statue",
				"Operation FreeMilk",
				"Operation Golden Bird",
				"Operation Golden Time",
				"Operation High Expert",
				"Operation Holiday Wiper",
				"Operation Korean Sword",
				"Operation North Korean Human Right",
				"Operation Onezero",
				"Operation Rocket Man",
				"Operation SHROUDED#SLEEP",
				"Operation STARK#MULE",
				"Operation STIFF#BIZON",
				"Operation Spy Cloud",
				"Operation Star Cruiser",
				"Operation ToyBox Story",
				"Osmium",
				"Red Eyes",
				"Ricochet Chollima",
				"Ruby Sleet",
				"ScarCruft",
				"TA-RedAnt",
				"TEMP.Reaper",
				"Venus 121"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Reaper",
			"tools": [
				"Agentemis",
				"BLUELIGHT",
				"Backdoor.APT.POORAIM",
				"CARROTBALL",
				"CARROTBAT",
				"CORALDECK",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"CobaltStrike",
				"DOGCALL",
				"Erebus",
				"Exploit.APT.RICECURRY",
				"Final1stSpy",
				"Freenki Loader",
				"GELCAPSULE",
				"GOLDBACKDOOR",
				"GreezeBackdoor",
				"HAPPYWORK",
				"JinhoSpy",
				"KARAE",
				"KevDroid",
				"Konni",
				"MILKDROP",
				"N1stAgent",
				"NavRAT",
				"Nokki",
				"Oceansalt",
				"POORAIM",
				"PoohMilk",
				"PoohMilk Loader",
				"RICECURRY",
				"RUHAPPY",
				"RokRAT",
				"SHUTTERSPEED",
				"SLOWDRIFT",
				"SOUNDWAVE",
				"SYSCON",
				"Sanny",
				"ScarCruft",
				"StarCruft",
				"Syscon",
				"VeilShell",
				"WINERACK",
				"ZUMKONG",
				"cobeacon"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "f32df445-9fb4-4234-99e0-3561f6498e4e",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.756373Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.739611Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Lazarus Group",
			"aliases": [
				"APT-C-26",
				"ATK 3",
				"Appleworm",
				"Citrine Sleet",
				"DEV-0139",
				"Diamond Sleet",
				"G0032",
				"Gleaming Pisces",
				"Gods Apostles",
				"Gods Disciples",
				"Group 77",
				"Guardians of Peace",
				"Hastati Group",
				"Hidden Cobra",
				"ITG03",
				"Jade Sleet",
				"Labyrinth Chollima",
				"Lazarus Group",
				"NewRomanic Cyber Army Team",
				"Operation 99",
				"Operation AppleJeus",
				"Operation AppleJeus sequel",
				"Operation Blockbuster: Breach of Sony Pictures Entertainment",
				"Operation CryptoCore",
				"Operation Dream Job",
				"Operation Dream Magic",
				"Operation Flame",
				"Operation GhostSecret",
				"Operation In(ter)caption",
				"Operation LolZarus",
				"Operation Marstech Mayhem",
				"Operation No Pineapple!",
				"Operation North Star",
				"Operation Phantom Circuit",
				"Operation Sharpshooter",
				"Operation SyncHole",
				"Operation Ten Days of Rain / DarkSeoul",
				"Operation Troy",
				"SectorA01",
				"Slow Pisces",
				"TA404",
				"TraderTraitor",
				"UNC2970",
				"UNC4034",
				"UNC4736",
				"UNC4899",
				"UNC577",
				"Whois Hacking Team"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:Lazarus Group",
			"tools": [
				"3CX Backdoor",
				"3Rat Client",
				"3proxy",
				"AIRDRY",
				"ARTFULPIE",
				"ATMDtrack",
				"AlphaNC",
				"Alreay",
				"Andaratm",
				"AngryRebel",
				"AppleJeus",
				"Aryan",
				"AuditCred",
				"BADCALL",
				"BISTROMATH",
				"BLINDINGCAN",
				"BTC Changer",
				"BUFFETLINE",
				"BanSwift",
				"Bankshot",
				"Bitrep",
				"Bitsran",
				"BlindToad",
				"Bookcode",
				"BootWreck",
				"BottomLoader",
				"Brambul",
				"BravoNC",
				"Breut",
				"COLDCAT",
				"COPPERHEDGE",
				"CROWDEDFLOUNDER",
				"Castov",
				"CheeseTray",
				"CleanToad",
				"ClientTraficForwarder",
				"CollectionRAT",
				"Concealment Troy",
				"Contopee",
				"CookieTime",
				"Cyruslish",
				"DAVESHELL",
				"DBLL Dropper",
				"DLRAT",
				"DRATzarus",
				"DRATzarus RAT",
				"Dacls",
				"Dacls RAT",
				"DarkComet",
				"DarkKomet",
				"DeltaCharlie",
				"DeltaNC",
				"Dembr",
				"Destover",
				"DoublePulsar",
				"Dozer",
				"Dtrack",
				"Duuzer",
				"DyePack",
				"ECCENTRICBANDWAGON",
				"ELECTRICFISH",
				"Escad",
				"EternalBlue",
				"FALLCHILL",
				"FYNLOS",
				"FallChill RAT",
				"Farfli",
				"Fimlis",
				"FoggyBrass",
				"FudModule",
				"Fynloski",
				"Gh0st RAT",
				"Ghost RAT",
				"Gopuram",
				"HARDRAIN",
				"HIDDEN COBRA RAT/Worm",
				"HLOADER",
				"HOOKSHOT",
				"HOPLIGHT",
				"HOTCROISSANT",
				"HOTWAX",
				"HTTP Troy",
				"Hawup",
				"Hawup RAT",
				"Hermes",
				"HotCroissant",
				"HotelAlfa",
				"Hotwax",
				"HtDnDownLoader",
				"Http Dr0pper",
				"ICONICSTEALER",
				"Joanap",
				"Jokra",
				"KANDYKORN",
				"KEYMARBLE",
				"Kaos",
				"KillDisk",
				"KillMBR",
				"Koredos",
				"Krademok",
				"LIGHTSHIFT",
				"LIGHTSHOW",
				"LOLBAS",
				"LOLBins",
				"Lazarus",
				"LightlessCan",
				"Living off the Land",
				"MATA",
				"MBRkiller",
				"MagicRAT",
				"Manuscrypt",
				"Mimail",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Moudour",
				"Mydoom",
				"Mydoor",
				"Mytob",
				"NACHOCHEESE",
				"NachoCheese",
				"NestEgg",
				"NickelLoader",
				"NineRAT",
				"Novarg",
				"NukeSped",
				"OpBlockBuster",
				"PCRat",
				"PEBBLEDASH",
				"PLANKWALK",
				"POOLRAT",
				"PSLogger",
				"PhanDoor",
				"Plink",
				"PondRAT",
				"PowerBrace",
				"PowerRatankba",
				"PowerShell RAT",
				"PowerSpritz",
				"PowerTask",
				"Preft",
				"ProcDump",
				"Proxysvc",
				"PuTTY Link",
				"QUICKRIDE",
				"QUICKRIDE.POWER",
				"Quickcafe",
				"QuiteRAT",
				"R-C1",
				"ROptimizer",
				"Ratabanka",
				"RatabankaPOS",
				"Ratankba",
				"RatankbaPOS",
				"RawDisk",
				"RedShawl",
				"Rifdoor",
				"Rising Sun",
				"Romeo-CoreOne",
				"RomeoAlfa",
				"RomeoBravo",
				"RomeoCharlie",
				"RomeoCore",
				"RomeoDelta",
				"RomeoEcho",
				"RomeoFoxtrot",
				"RomeoGolf",
				"RomeoHotel",
				"RomeoMike",
				"RomeoNovember",
				"RomeoWhiskey",
				"Romeos",
				"RustBucket",
				"SHADYCAT",
				"SHARPKNOT",
				"SIGFLIP",
				"SIMPLESEA",
				"SLICKSHOES",
				"SORRYBRUTE",
				"SUDDENICON",
				"SUGARLOADER",
				"SheepRAT",
				"SierraAlfa",
				"SierraBravo",
				"SierraCharlie",
				"SierraJuliett-MikeOne",
				"SierraJuliett-MikeTwo",
				"SimpleTea",
				"SimplexTea",
				"SmallTiger",
				"Stunnel",
				"TAINTEDSCRIBE",
				"TAXHAUL",
				"TFlower",
				"TOUCHKEY",
				"TOUCHMOVE",
				"TOUCHSHIFT",
				"TOUCHSHOT",
				"TWOPENCE",
				"TYPEFRAME",
				"Tdrop",
				"Tdrop2",
				"ThreatNeedle",
				"Tiger RAT",
				"TigerRAT",
				"Trojan Manuscript",
				"Troy",
				"TroyRAT",
				"VEILEDSIGNAL",
				"VHD",
				"VHD Ransomware",
				"VIVACIOUSGIFT",
				"VSingle",
				"ValeforBeta",
				"Volgmer",
				"Vyveva",
				"W1_RAT",
				"Wana Decrypt0r",
				"WanaCry",
				"WanaCrypt",
				"WanaCrypt0r",
				"WannaCry",
				"WannaCrypt",
				"WannaCryptor",
				"WbBot",
				"Wcry",
				"Win32/KillDisk.NBB",
				"Win32/KillDisk.NBC",
				"Win32/KillDisk.NBD",
				"Win32/KillDisk.NBH",
				"Win32/KillDisk.NBI",
				"WinorDLL64",
				"Winsec",
				"WolfRAT",
				"Wormhole",
				"YamaBot",
				"Yort",
				"ZetaNile",
				"concealment_troy",
				"http_troy",
				"httpdr0pper",
				"httpdropper",
				"klovbot",
				"sRDI"
			],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		}
	],
	"ts_created_at": 1775434444,
	"ts_updated_at": 1775792299,
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