{
	"id": "519346da-6633-46bf-a1c2-8eb121768d9a",
	"created_at": "2026-04-06T00:06:48.283315Z",
	"updated_at": "2026-04-10T13:12:08.478618Z",
	"deleted_at": null,
	"sha1_hash": "152e181e995f9f58481ad45c51d1c9470cc1de90",
	"title": "Russian cyberspies targeted the Slovak government for months",
	"llm_title": "",
	"authors": "",
	"file_creation_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_modification_date": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z",
	"file_size": 75053,
	"plain_text": "Russian cyberspies targeted the Slovak government for months\r\nBy Catalin Cimpanu\r\nPublished: 2022-12-13 · Archived: 2026-04-05 23:46:07 UTC\r\nA Russian cyber-espionage group linked to one of Russia's intelligence forces has targeted the Slovak government\r\nfor months, Slovak security firms ESET and IstroSec said this week.\r\nThe attacks were attributed to a group known as the Dukes, Nobelium, or APT29, which cyber-security agencies\r\nfrom the US and other countries formally linked to the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, also known as the\r\nSVR, earlier this year after its attack on software company SolarWinds.\r\nESET and IstroSec said SVR hackers recently orchestrated several spear-phishing campaigns between February\r\nand July 2021 that targeted Slovak officials.\r\nSVR operators sent emails to Slovak diplomats posing as the Slovak National Security Authority (NBU). The\r\ndocuments, usually an ISO image file, would download and install a Cobalt Strike backdoor on infected systems.\r\nIn a recent talk at the Def Con security conference this year, IstroSec researchers described how they found the\r\nSVR command-and-control servers used in these attacks.\r\nEtt fel inträffade.\r\nDet går inte att köra JavaScript.\r\nThe IstroSec team said that some of the SVR C\u0026C servers also hosted documents that appeared to have been\r\naimed at Czech government officials as well.\r\nESET confirmed the attacks earlier today and said that they've also tracked the group's recent campaign, which\r\ntargeted diplomats in more than 13 European countries.\r\nhttps://therecord.media/russian-cyberspies-targeted-slovak-government-for-months/\r\nPage 1 of 2\n\nAccording to ESET, all the attacks appeared to follow the same tactic (email-\u003e ISO disk image -\u003e LNK shortcut\r\nfile -\u003e Cobalt Strike backdoor), a tactic that was also described in two reports earlier this year\r\nfrom Volexity and Microsoft. In some of these attacks, the Russian espionage group also relied on a Safari iOS\r\nzero-day to infect diplomats who read their emails on their iPhones.\r\nGet more insights with the\r\nRecorded Future\r\nIntelligence Cloud.\r\nLearn more.\r\nSource: https://therecord.media/russian-cyberspies-targeted-slovak-government-for-months/\r\nhttps://therecord.media/russian-cyberspies-targeted-slovak-government-for-months/\r\nPage 2 of 2",
	"extraction_quality": 1,
	"language": "EN",
	"sources": [
		"ETDA"
	],
	"origins": [
		"web"
	],
	"references": [
		"https://therecord.media/russian-cyberspies-targeted-slovak-government-for-months/"
	],
	"report_names": [
		"russian-cyberspies-targeted-slovak-government-for-months"
	],
	"threat_actors": [
		{
			"id": "b43e5ea9-d8c8-4efa-b5bf-f1efb37174ba",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:24.36191Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.954902Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "UNC2452",
			"aliases": [
				"Dark Halo",
				"Nobelium",
				"SolarStorm",
				"StellarParticle",
				"UNC2452"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:UNC2452",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "ETDA",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "610a7295-3139-4f34-8cec-b3da40add480",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.608142Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.03764Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "Cobalt",
			"aliases": [
				"Cobalt Group",
				"Cobalt Gang",
				"GOLD KINGSWOOD",
				"COBALT SPIDER",
				"G0080",
				"Mule Libra"
			],
			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:Cobalt",
			"tools": [],
			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
		},
		{
			"id": "1d3f9dec-b033-48a5-8b1e-f67a29429e89",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.739197Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.275809Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "UNC2452",
			"aliases": [
				"UNC2452",
				"NOBELIUM",
				"StellarParticle",
				"Dark Halo"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:UNC2452",
			"tools": [
				"Sibot",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"AdFind",
				"GoldMax"
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			"source_id": "MITRE",
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			"created_at": "2024-06-04T02:03:07.956135Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.689959Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "IRON HEMLOCK",
			"aliases": [
				"APT29 ",
				"ATK7 ",
				"Blue Kitsune ",
				"Cozy Bear ",
				"The Dukes",
				"UNC2452 ",
				"YTTRIUM "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:IRON HEMLOCK",
			"tools": [
				"CosmicDuke",
				"CozyCar",
				"CozyDuke",
				"DiefenDuke",
				"FatDuke",
				"HAMMERTOSS",
				"LiteDuke",
				"MiniDuke",
				"OnionDuke",
				"PolyglotDuke",
				"RegDuke",
				"RegDuke Loader",
				"SeaDuke",
				"Sliver"
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			"source_id": "Secureworks",
			"reports": null
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		{
			"id": "a241a1ca-2bc9-450b-a07b-aae747ee2710",
			"created_at": "2024-06-19T02:03:08.150052Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.737173Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "IRON RITUAL",
			"aliases": [
				"APT29",
				"Blue Dev 5 ",
				"BlueBravo ",
				"Cloaked Ursa ",
				"CozyLarch ",
				"Dark Halo ",
				"Midnight Blizzard ",
				"NOBELIUM ",
				"StellarParticle ",
				"UNC2452 "
			],
			"source_name": "Secureworks:IRON RITUAL",
			"tools": [
				"Brute Ratel C4",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"EnvyScout",
				"GoldFinder",
				"GoldMax",
				"NativeZone",
				"RAINDROP",
				"SUNBURST",
				"Sibot",
				"TEARDROP",
				"VaporRage"
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			"source_id": "Secureworks",
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			"id": "46b3c0fc-fa0c-4d63-a38a-b33a524561fb",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:38.393409Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:02.955738Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT29",
			"aliases": [
				"Cloaked Ursa",
				"TA421",
				"Blue Kitsune",
				"BlueBravo",
				"IRON HEMLOCK",
				"G0016",
				"Nobelium",
				"Group 100",
				"YTTRIUM",
				"Grizzly Steppe",
				"ATK7",
				"ITG11",
				"COZY BEAR",
				"The Dukes",
				"Minidionis",
				"UAC-0029",
				"SeaDuke"
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			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:APT29",
			"tools": [
				"SNOWYAMBER",
				"HALFRIG",
				"QUARTERRIG"
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			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
			"reports": null
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			"id": "70872c3a-e788-4b55-a7d6-b2df52001ad0",
			"created_at": "2023-01-06T13:46:39.18401Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:03.239111Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "UNC2452",
			"aliases": [
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				"StellarParticle",
				"NOBELIUM",
				"Solar Phoenix",
				"Midnight Blizzard"
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			"source_name": "MISPGALAXY:UNC2452",
			"tools": [
				"SNOWYAMBER",
				"HALFRIG",
				"QUARTERRIG"
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			"source_id": "MISPGALAXY",
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			"id": "20d3a08a-3b97-4b2f-90b8-92a89089a57a",
			"created_at": "2022-10-25T15:50:23.548494Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:05.292748Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
			"main_name": "APT29",
			"aliases": [
				"APT29",
				"IRON RITUAL",
				"IRON HEMLOCK",
				"NobleBaron",
				"Dark Halo",
				"NOBELIUM",
				"UNC2452",
				"YTTRIUM",
				"The Dukes",
				"Cozy Bear",
				"CozyDuke",
				"SolarStorm",
				"Blue Kitsune",
				"UNC3524",
				"Midnight Blizzard"
			],
			"source_name": "MITRE:APT29",
			"tools": [
				"PinchDuke",
				"ROADTools",
				"WellMail",
				"CozyCar",
				"Mimikatz",
				"Tasklist",
				"OnionDuke",
				"FatDuke",
				"POSHSPY",
				"EnvyScout",
				"SoreFang",
				"GeminiDuke",
				"reGeorg",
				"GoldMax",
				"FoggyWeb",
				"SDelete",
				"PolyglotDuke",
				"AADInternals",
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				"SeaDuke",
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				"RegDuke",
				"CloudDuke",
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				"PsExec",
				"NativeZone",
				"Systeminfo",
				"ipconfig",
				"Impacket",
				"Cobalt Strike",
				"PowerDuke",
				"QUIETEXIT",
				"HAMMERTOSS",
				"BoomBox",
				"CosmicDuke",
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				"VaporRage",
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			"source_id": "MITRE",
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			"created_at": "2022-10-25T16:07:23.341684Z",
			"updated_at": "2026-04-10T02:00:04.549917Z",
			"deleted_at": null,
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				"ATK 7",
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				"CloudLook",
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				"Earth Koshchei",
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				"Iron Ritual",
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				"Minidionis",
				"Nobelium",
				"NobleBaron",
				"Operation Ghost",
				"Operation Office monkeys",
				"Operation StellarParticle",
				"SilverFish",
				"Solar Phoenix",
				"SolarStorm",
				"StellarParticle",
				"TEMP.Monkeys",
				"The Dukes",
				"UNC2452",
				"UNC3524",
				"Yttrium"
			],
			"source_name": "ETDA:APT 29",
			"tools": [
				"7-Zip",
				"ATI-Agent",
				"AdFind",
				"Agentemis",
				"AtNow",
				"BEATDROP",
				"BotgenStudios",
				"CEELOADER",
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				"Rubeus",
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				"cobeacon",
				"elf.wellmess",
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