List of file signatures
By Contributors to Wikimedia projects
Published: 2010-02-09 · Archived: 2026-04-06 00:10:19 UTC
23 21 #! 0 Script or data to be passed to the program following the shebang (#!)[1]
 02 00 5a 57 52 54 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ␂␀ZWRT␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀ 0 cwk Claris Works word processing doc 00 00 02 00 06
04 06 00 08 00 00 00 00 00 ␀␀␂␀␆␄␆␀␈␀␀␀␀␀ 0 wk1 Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet (v1) file 00 00 1A 00
00 10 04 00 00 00 00 00 ␀␀␚␀␀␊␄␀␀␀␀␀ 0 wk3 Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet (v3) file 00 00 1A 00 02 10
04 00 00 00 00 00 ␀␀␚␀␂␊␄␀␀␀␀␀ 0 wk4
wk5 Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet (v4, v5) file 00 00 1A 00 05 10 04 ␀␀␚␀␅␊␄ 0 123 Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet
(v9) file 00 00 03 F3 ␀␀␃ó 0 Amiga Hunk executable file 00 00 49 49 58 50 52 (little-endian)
00 00 4D 4D 58 50 52 (big-endian) ␀␀IIXPR
␀␀MMXPR 0 qxd Quark Express document 50 57 53 33 PWS3 0 psafe3 Password Gorilla Password Database
D4 C3 B2 A1 (little-endian) Ôò¡ 0 pcap Libpcap File Format[2]
 A1 B2 C3 D4 (big-endian) ¡²ÃÔ 4D 3C B2
A1 (little-endian) M<²¡ 0 pcap Libpcap File Format (nanosecond-resolution)[2]
 A1 B2 3C 4D (big-endian) ¡²<M
0A 0D 0D 0A ␊␍␍␊ 0 pcapng PCAP Next Generation Dump File Format[3]
 ED AB EE DB í«îÛ 0 rpm
RedHat Package Manager (RPM) package[4] 53 51 4C 69 74 65 20 66
6F 72 6D 61 74 20 33 00 SQLite format 3␀ 0 sqlitedb
sqlite
db SQLite Database[5] 53 50 30 31 SP01 0 bin Amazon Kindle Update Package[6] 49 57 41 44 IWAD 0
wad internal WAD (main resource file of Doom)
[7]
 00 ␀ 0 PIC
PIF
SEA
YTR IBM Storyboard bitmap file
Windows Program Information File
Mac Stuffit Self-Extracting Archive
IRIS OCR data file 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀
␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀
␀␀␀␀␀␀␀␀ 11 PDB PalmPilot Database/Document File BE BA FE CA ¾ºþÊ 0 DBA Palm Desktop
Calendar Archive 00 01 42 44 ␀␁BD 0 DBA Palm Desktop To Do Archive 00 01 44 54 ␀␁DT 0 TDA
Palm Desktop Calendar Archive 54 44 46 24 TDF$ 0 TDF$ Telegram Desktop File 54 44 45 46 TDEF 0
TDEF Telegram Desktop Encrypted File 00 01 00 00 ␀␁␀␀ 0 Palm Desktop Data File (Access format) 00
00 01 00 ␀␀␁␀ 0 ico Computer icon encoded in ICO file format[8]
 69 63 6e 73 icns 0 icns Apple Icon
Image format 66 74 79 70 33 67 ftyp3g 4 3gp
3g2 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3GPP and 3GPP2 multimedia files 66 74 79 70 68 65 69 63 66 74 79
70 6d ftypheic 4 heic High Efficiency Image Container (HEIC) 1F 9D ␟□ 0 z
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tar.z compressed file (often tar zip) using Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm 1F A0 ␟⍽ 0 z
tar.z Compressed file (often tar zip) using LZH algorithm 2D 6C 68 30 2D -lh0- 2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman
archive file Method 0 (No compression) 2D 6C 68 35 2D -lh5- 2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file
Method 5 (8 KiB sliding window) 42 41 43 4B 4D 49 4B 45
44 49 53 4B BACKMIKEDISK 0 bac AmiBack Amiga Backup data file 49 4E 44 58 INDX 0 idx AmiBack
Amiga Backup index file 62 70 6C 69 73 74 bplist 0 plist Binary Property List file 42 5A 68 BZh 0 bz2
Compressed file using Bzip2 algorithm 47 49 46 38 37 61
47 49 46 38 39 61 GIF87a
GIF89a 0 gif Image file encoded in the Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)[9]
 49 49 2A 00 (little-endian)
II*␀ 0 tif
tiff Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)[10] 4D 4D 00 2A (big-endian) MM␀* 49 49 2B 00 (little-endian) II+␀
0 tif
tiff
BigTIFF[11] 4D 4D 00 2B (big-endian) MM␀+ 0 49 49 2A 00 10 00 00 00
43 52 II*␀␐␀␀␀CR 0 cr2 Canon RAW Format Version 2[12]
Canon's RAW format is based on TIFF.
[13]
 66 74 79 70 63 72 78
43 52 ftypcrx 0 cr3 80 2A 5F D7 €*_× 0 cin Kodak Cineon image 52 4E 43 01
52 4E 43 02 RNC␁
RNC␂ 0 Compressed file using Rob Northen Compression (version 1 and 2) algorithm[14]
 4E 55 52 55 49 4D
47
4E 55 52 55 50 41 4C NURUIMG
NURUPAL 0 nui
nup nuru ASCII/ANSI image and palette files[15] 53 44 50 58 (big-endian format) SDPX 0 dpx SMPTE DPX
image 58 50 44 53 (little-endian format) XPDS 76 2F 31 01 v/1␁ 0 exr OpenEXR image 42 50 47 FB
BPGû 0 bpg Better Portable Graphics format[16]
 FF D8 FF DB ÿØÿÛ 0 jpg
jpeg JPEG raw or in the JFIF or Exif file format[17] FF D8 FF E0 00 10 4A 46
49 46 00 01 ÿØÿà␀␐JFIF␀␁ FF D8 FF EE ÿØÿî FF D8 FF E1???? 45 78
69 66 00 00 ÿØÿá??Exif␀␀ FF D8 FF E0 ÿØÿà 0 jpg JPEG raw or in the JFIF or Exif file format[17]
 00 00
00 0C 6A 50 20 20 0D 0A 87 0A ␀␀␀␌jP␠␠␍␊‡␊ 0 jp2
j2k
jpf
jpm
jpg2
j2c
jpc
jpx
mj2 JPEG 2000 format[18] FF 4F FF 51 ÿOÿQ 71 6F 69 66 qoif 0 qoi QOI - The “Quite OK Image
Format”[19] 46 4F 52 4D
????????
49 4C 42 4D FORM????ILBM 0
any ilbm
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lbm
ibm
iff IFF Interleaved Bitmap Image 46 4F 52 4D????????
38 53 56 58 FORM????8SVX 0
any 8svx
8sv
svx
snd
iff IFF 8-Bit Sampled Voice 46 4F 52 4D????????
41 43 42 4D FORM????ACBM 0
any acbm
iff Amiga Contiguous Bitmap 46 4F 52 4D????????
41 4E 42 4D FORM????ANBM 0
any anbm
iff IFF Animated Bitmap 46 4F 52 4D????????
41 4E 49 4D FORM????ANIM 0
any anim
iff IFF CEL Animation 46 4F 52 4D????????
46 41 58 58 FORM????FAXX 0
any faxx
fax
iff IFF Facsimile Image 46 4F 52 4D????????
46 54 58 54 FORM????FTXT 0
any ftxt
iff IFF Formatted Text 46 4F 52 4D????????
53 4D 55 53 FORM????SMUS 0
any smus
smu
mus
iff IFF Simple Musical Score 46 4F 52 4D????????
43 4D 55 53 FORM????CMUS 0
any cmus
mus
iff IFF Musical Score 46 4F 52 4D????????
59 55 56 4E FORM????YUVN 0
any yuvn
yuv
iff IFF YUV Image 46 4F 52 4D????????
46 41 4E 54 FORM????FANT 0
any iff Amiga Fantavision Movie 46 4F 52 4D????????
41 49 46 46 FORM????AIFF 0
any aiff
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aif
aifc
snd
iff Audio Interchange File Format 4C 5A 49 50 LZIP 0 lz lzip compressed file[20] 30 37 30 37 30 31
070701 0 cpio cpio "new" ASCII archive file 30 37 30 37 30 32 070702 0 cpio cpio ASCII archive file with
crc 30 37 30 37 30 37 070707 0 cpio cpio ASCII archive file[21] 4D 5A MZ 0 exe
dll
mui
sys
scr
cpl
ocx
ax
iec
ime
rs
tsp
fon
efi DOS MZ executable and its descendants (including NE and PE) 53 4D 53 4E 46 32 30 30 SMSNF200 0 ssp
SmartSniff Packets File [22] 5A 4D ZM 0 exe DOS ZM executable and its descendants (rare) 50 4B 03 04
50 4B 05 06 (empty archive)
50 4B 07 08 (spanned archive) PK␃␄
PK␅␆
PK␇␈ 0 zip
aar
apk
docx
epub
ipa
jar
kmz
maff
msix
odp
ods
odt
pk3
pk4
pptx
usdz
vsdx
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xlsx
xpi
whl
zip file format and formats based on it, such as EPUB, JAR, ODF, OOXML 52 61 72 21 1A 07 00 Rar!␚␇␀
0 rar Roshal ARchive compressed archive v1.50 onwards[23] 52 61 72 21 1A 07 01 00 Rar!␚␇␁␀ 0 rar
Roshal ARchive compressed archive v5.00 onwards[24] 7F 45 4C 46 ␡ELF 0 none, .axf, .bin, .elf, .o, .out, .prx,
.puff, .ko, .mod, .so Executable and Linkable Format[25] 89 50 4E 47 0D 0A 1A 0A ‰PNG␍␊␚␊ 0 png Image
encoded in the Portable Network Graphics format[26] 0E 03 13 01 ␅␃␓␁ 0 hdf4
h4 Data stored in version 4 of the Hierarchical Data Format. 89 48 44 46 0D 0A 1A 0A ‰HDF␍␊␚␊ 0, 512,
1024, 2048, ... hdf5
h5 Data stored in version 5 of the Hierarchical Data Format. C9 É 0 com CP/M 3 and higher with overlays[27]
CA FE BA BE Êþº¾ 0 class Java class file, Mach-O Fat Binary EF BB BF  0 txt
others UTF-8 byte order mark, commonly seen in text files.[28][29][30] FF FE ÿþ 0 txt
others UTF-16LE byte order mark, commonly seen in text files.[28][29][30] FE FF þÿ 0 txt
others UTF-16BE byte order mark, commonly seen in text files.[28][29][30] FF FE 00 00 ÿþ␀␀ 0 txt
others UTF-32LE byte order mark for text[28][30] 00 00 FE FF ␀␀þÿ 0 txt
others UTF-32BE byte order mark for text[28][30] 2B 2F 76 38
2B 2F 76 39
2B 2F 76 2B
2B 2F 76 2F +/v8
+/v9
+/v+
+/v/ 0 UTF-7 byte order mark for text[31][30]
 0E FE FF ␎þÿ 0 txt
others SCSU byte order mark for text[31][30] DD 73 66 73 Ýsfs 0 UTF-EBCDIC byte order mark for text[31]
[30]
 FE ED FA CE þíúÎ 0
0x1000 Mach-O binary (32-bit) FE ED FA CF þíúÏ 0
0x1000 Mach-O binary (64-bit) FE ED FE ED þíþí 0 JKS Javakey Store[32] CE FA ED FE Îúíþ 0 Mach-O
binary (reverse byte ordering scheme, 32-bit)[33] CF FA ED FE Ïúíþ 0 Mach-O binary (reverse byte ordering
scheme, 64-bit)[33] 25 21 50 53 %!PS 0 ps PostScript document 25 21 50 53 2D 41 64 6F 62 65 2D 33 2E
30 20 45 50 53 46 2D 33 2E 30 %!PS-Adobe-3.0 ESPF-3.0 0 eps
epsf Encapsulated PostScript file version 3.0[34] 25 21 50 53 2D 41 64 6F 62 65 2D 33 2E 31 20 45 50 53 46
2D 33 2E 30 %!PS-Adobe-3.1 ESPF-3.0 0 eps
epsf Encapsulated PostScript file version 3.1[35] 49 54 53 46 03 00 00 00
60 00 00 00 ITSF␃␀␀␀`␀␀␀ 0 chm MS Windows HtmlHelp Data 3F 5F ?_ 0 hlp Windows 3.x/95/98
Help file 25 50 44 46 2D %PDF- 0 pdf PDF document[36] 30 26 B2 75 8E 66 CF 11
A6 D9 00 AA 00 62 CE 6C 0&²uŽfÏ␑¦Ù␀ª␀bÎl 0 asf
wma
wmv Advanced Systems Format[37] 24 53 44 49 30 30 30 31 $SDI0001 0 System Deployment Image, a disk
image format used by Microsoft 4F 67 67 53 OggS 0 ogg
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oga
ogv Ogg, an open source media container format 38 42 50 53 8BPS 0 psd Photoshop Document file, Adobe
Photoshop's native file format 52 49 46 46????????
57 41 56 45 RIFF????WAVE 0 wav Waveform Audio File Format[38]
 52 49 46 46
????????
41 56 49 20 RIFF????AVI␠ 0 avi Audio Video Interleave video format[39]
 FF FB
FF F3
FF F2 ÿû
ÿó
ÿò 0 mp3 MPEG-1 Layer 3 file without an ID3 tag or with an ID3v1 tag (which is appended at the end of the
file) 49 44 33 ID3 0 mp3 MP3 file with an ID3v2 container 42 4D BM 0 bmp
dib BMP file, a bitmap format used mostly in the Windows world 43 44 30 30 31 CD001 0x8001
0x8801
0x9001 iso ISO9660 CD/DVD image file[40] 43 44 30 30 31 CD001 0x5EAC9 cdi CD-i CD image file 6D 61
69 6E 2E 62 73 main.bs 0 mgw Nintendo Game & Watch image file 4E 45 53 NES 0 nes Nintendo
Entertainment System image file A0 32 41 A0 A0 A0 2A 0x165A4 d64 Commodore 64 1541 disk image (D64
format) 47 53 52 2D 31 35 34 31 GCR-1541 0 g64 Commodore 64 1541 disk image (G64 format) A0 33 44
A0 A0 3D 0x61819 d81 Commodore 64 1581 disk image (D81 format) 43 36 34 20 74 61 70 65 20 69 6D 61
67 65 20 66 69 6C 65 C64 tape image file 0 t64 Commodore 64 tape image 43 36 34 20 43 41 52 54 52
49 44 47 45 20 20 20 C64 CARTRIDGE␠␠␠ 0 crt Commodore 64 cartridge image 53 49 4D 50 4C 45 20 20
3D 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20 20 20 20 20 54 SIMPLE␠␠
=␠␠␠␠␠␠␠
␠␠␠␠␠␠␠␠
␠␠␠␠␠T 0 fits Flexible Image Transport System (FITS)
[41]
 66 4C 61 43 fLaC 0 flac Free Lossless Audio
Codec[42] 4D 54 68 64 MThd 0 mid
midi MIDI sound file[43] D0 CF 11 E0 A1 B1 1A E1 ÐÏ␑ࡱ␚á 0 doc
xls
ppt
msi
msg Compound File Binary Format, a container format defined by Microsoft COM. It can contain the equivalent
of files and directories. It is used by Windows Installer and for documents in older versions of Microsoft Office.
[44]
 It can be used by other programs as well that rely on the COM and OLE API's. ( 0xD0CF11E0 visually
resembles "DOCFILE".[45]) 64 65 78 0A 30 33 35 00 dex␊035␀ 0 dex Dalvik Executable 4B 44 4D KDM
0 vmdk VMDK files[46][47] 23 20 44 69 73 6B 20 44 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 6F # Disk Descripto 0 vmdk
VMware 4 Virtual Disk description file (split disk) 43 72 32 34 Cr24 0 crx Google Chrome extension[48] or
packaged app[49] 41 47 44 33 AGD3 0 fh8 FreeHand 8 document[50][51] 05 07 00 00 42 4F 42 4F
05 07 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 01 ␅␇␀␀BOBO
␅␇␀␀␀␀␀␀
␀␀␀␀␀␁ 0 cwk AppleWorks 5 document 06 07 E1 00 42 4F 42 4F
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06 07 E1 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 01 ␆␇á␀BOBO
␆␇á␀␀␀␀␀
␀␀␀␀␀␁ 0 cwk AppleWorks 6 document 45 52 02 00 00 00 ER␂␀␀␀ 0 toast Roxio Toast disc image file
8B 45 52 02 00 00 00 ‹ER␂␀␀␀ 6B 6F 6C 79 koly end–512 dmg Apple Disk Image file 78 61 72 21
xar! 0 xar eXtensible ARchive format[52]
 50 4D 4F 43 43 4D 4F 43 PMOCCMOC 0 dat Windows Files And
Settings Transfer Repository[53] See also USMT 3.0 (Win XP)[54] and USMT 4.0 (Win 7)[55] User Guides 4E 45
53 1A NES␚ 0 nes Nintendo Entertainment System ROM file[56]
 75 73 74 61 72 00 30 30
75 73 74 61 72 20 20 00 ustar␀00
ustar␠␠␀ 257 tar tar archive[57]
 4F 41 52
?? OAR? 0 oar OAR file archive format, where ?? is the format
version. 74 6F 78 33 tox3 0 tox Open source portable voxel file[58] 4D 4C 56 49 MLVI 0 MLV Magic
Lantern Video file[59] 44 43 4D 01 50 41 33 30
50 41 33 30 DCM␁PA30
PA30 0 Windows Update Binary Delta Compression file[60]
 37 7A BC AF 27 1C 7z¼¯'␜ 0 7z 7-Zip File
Format 1F 8B ␟‹ 0 gz
tar.gz GZIP compressed file[61] FD 37 7A 58 5A 00 ý7zXZ␀ 0 xz
tar.xz XZ compression utility
using LZMA2 compression 04 22 4D 18 ␄"M␘ 0 lz4 LZ4 Frame Format[62]
Remark: LZ4 block format does not offer any magic bytes.[63] 4D 53 43 46 MSCF 0 cab Microsoft Cabinet file
53 5A 44 44 88 F0 27 33 SZDDˆð'3 0 ??_ Microsoft compressed file in Quantum format, used prior to
Windows XP. File can be decompressed using Extract.exe or Expand.exe distributed with earlier versions of
Windows. After compression, the last character of the original filename extension is replaced with an underscore,
e.g. ‘Setup.exe’ becomes ‘Setup.ex_’. 46 4C 49 46 FLIF 0 flif Free Lossless Image Format 1A 45 DF A3
␚Eߣ 0 mkv
mka
mks
mk3d
webm Matroska media container, including WebM 4D 49 4C 20 MIL␠ 0 stg "SEAN : Session Analysis"
Training file. Also used in compatible software "Rpw : Rowperfect for Windows" and "RP3W : ROWPERFECT3
for Windows". 41 54 26 54 46 4F 52 4D
???????? 44 4A 56 AT&TFORM????DJV 0 djvu
djv DjVu document
The following byte is either 55 ( U ) for single-page or 4D ( M ) for multi-page documents. 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D
42 45 47 49 4E 20 43 45 52 54 49 46 49 43 41 54 45 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- 0 crt
pem PEM encoded X.509 certificate 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 43 45 52 54 49 46 49 43 41 54 45 20
52 45 51 55 45 53 54 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST----- 0 csr
pem PEM encoded X.509 Certificate Signing Request 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 50 52 49 56 41 54
45 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- 0 key
pem PEM encoded X.509 PKCS#8 private key 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 44 53 41 20 50 52 49 56
41 54 45 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN DSA PRIVATE KEY----- 0 key
pem PEM encoded X.509 PKCS#1 DSA private key 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 52 53 41 20 50 52 49
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56 41 54 45 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- 0 key
pem PEM encoded X.509 PKCS#1 RSA private key 50 75 54 54 59 2D 55 73 65 72 2D 4B 65 79 2D 46 69 6C
65 2D 32 3A PuTTY-User-Key-File-2: 0 ppk PuTTY private key file version 2 50 75 54 54 59 2D 55 73 65
72 2D 4B 65 79 2D 46 69 6C 65 2D 33 3A PuTTY-User-Key-File-3: 0 ppk PuTTY private key file version 3
2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 4F 50 45 4E 53 53 48 20 50 52 49 56 41 54 45 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D
2D -----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY----- 0 OpenSSH private key file 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D 42 45 47 49 4E 20 53
53 48 32 20 4B 45 59 2D 2D 2D 2D 2D -----BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY----- 0 pub OpenSSH public key file 44
49 43 4D DICM 128 dcm DICOM Medical File Format 77 4F 46 46 wOFF 0 woff WOFF File Format 1.0[64]
77 4F 46 32 wOF2 0 woff2 WOFF File Format 2.0[65]
 3C 3F 78 6D 6C 20 <?xml␠ 0
after BOM xml (UTF-8 or other 8-bit encodings) eXtensible Markup Language[29][66] 3C 00 3F 00 78 00 6D 00
6C 00 20 <␀?␀x␀m␀l␀␠␀ xml (UTF-16LE) 00 3C 00 3F 00 78 00 6D
00 6C 00 20 ␀<␀?␀x␀m␀l␀␠ xml (UTF-16BE) 3C 00 00 00 3F 00 00 00
78 00 00 00 6D 00 00 00
6C 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 <␀␀␀?␀␀␀
x␀␀␀m␀␀␀
l␀␀␀␠␀␀␀ xml (UTF-32LE) 00 00 00 3C 00 00 00 3F
00 00 00 78 00 00 00 6D
00 00 00 6C 00 00 00 20 ␀␀␀<␀␀␀?
␀␀␀x␀␀␀m
␀␀␀l␀␀␀␠ xml (UTF-32BE) 4C 6F A7 94 93 40 Lo§”“@ xml (EBCDIC) 00 61 73 6D ␀asm 0 wasm
WebAssembly binary format[67] CF 84 01 Ï„␁ 0 lep Lepton compressed JPEG image[68] 43 57 53 CWS 0
swf Adobe Flash .swf 46 57 53 FWS 21 3C 61 72 63 68 3E 0A !<arch>␊ 0 deb linux deb file C0 3B 39
98 À;9˜ 0 Linux EXT3/EXT4 jbd2 filesystem Journal[69]
 52 49 46 46
????????
57 45 42 50 RIFF????WEBP 0 webp Google WebP image file, where ?? ?? ?? ?? is the file size. More
information on WebP File Header 27 05 19 56 '␅␙V 0 U-Boot / uImage. Das U-Boot Universal Boot Loader.
[70]
 7B 5C 72 74 66 31 {\rtf1 0 rtf Rich Text Format 54 41 50 45 TAPE 0 Microsoft Tape Format 47
G 0
0xBC
0x178
...
(every 188th byte) ts
tsv
tsa
mpg
mpeg MPEG Transport Stream (MPEG-2 Part 1)[71] 00 00 01 BA ␀␀␁º 0 m2p
vob
mpg
mpeg MPEG Program Stream (MPEG-1 Part 1 (essentially identical) and MPEG-2 Part 1) 00 00 01 B3 ␀␀␁³
0 mpg
mpeg MPEG-1 video and MPEG-2 video (MPEG-1 Part 2 and MPEG-2 Part 2) 66 74 79 70 69 73 6F 6D
ftypisom 4 mp4 ISO Base Media file (MPEG-4) 66 74 79 70 4D 53 4E 56 ftypMSNV 4 mp4 MPEG-4 video
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file 78 01 x␁ 0 zlib No Compression (no preset dictionary) 78 5E x^ Best speed (no preset dictionary) 78
9C xœ Default Compression (no preset dictionary) 78 DA xÚ Best Compression (no preset dictionary) 78
20 x␠ No Compression (with preset dictionary) 78 7D x} Best speed (with preset dictionary) 78 BB x»
Default Compression (with preset dictionary) 78 F9 xù Best Compression (with preset dictionary) 62 76 78
32 bvx2 0 lzfse LZFSE - Lempel-Ziv style data compression algorithm using Finite State Entropy coding. OSS
by Apple.[72] 4F 52 43 ORC 0 orc Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) file format 4F 62 6A 01 Obj␁
0 avro Apache Avro binary file format 53 45 51 36 SEQ6 0 rc RCFile columnar file format 3C 72 6F 62 6C
6F 78 21 <roblox! 0 rbxl Roblox place file [73]
 65 87 78 56 e‡xV 0 p25
obt PhotoCap Object Templates 55 55 AA AA UUªª 0 pcv PhotoCap Vector 78 56 34 xV4 0 pbt
pdt
pea
peb
pet
pgt
pict
pjt
pkt
pmt PhotoCap Template 50 41 52 31 PAR1 0 Apache Parquet columnar file format 45 4D 58 32 EMX2 0 ez2
Emulator Emaxsynth samples 45 4D 55 33 EMU3 0 ez3
iso Emulator III synth samples 1B 4C 75 61 ␛Lua 0 luac Lua bytecode[74] 62 6F 6F 6B 00 00 00 00
6D 61 72 6B 00 00 00 00 book␀␀␀␀mark␀␀␀␀ 0 alias macOS file Alias[75]
 (Symbolic link) 62 6F 6F 6B
book 0 macOS bookmark format 5B 5A 6F 6E 65 54 72 61
6E 73 66 65 72 5D [ZoneTransfer] 0 Identifier Microsoft Zone Identifier for URL Security Zones[76][77]
 52
65 63 65 69 76 65 64
3A Received: 0 eml Email Message var5[citation needed]
 20 02 01 62 A0 1E AB 07
02 00 00 00 ␠␂␁b⍽␞«␇␂␀␀␀ 0 tde Tableau Datasource 37 48 03 02 00 00 00 00
58 35 30 39 4B 45 59 7H␃␂␀␀␀␀X509KEY 0 kdb KDB file 85???? 03 …??␃ 0 pgp PGP file [78]
 28 B5
2F FD (µ/ý 0 zst Zstandard compress[79][80]
 52 53 56 4B 44 41 54 41 RSVKDATA 0 rs QuickZip rs
compressed archive[81][82] 3A 29 0A :)␊ 0 sml Smile file 4A 6F 79 21 Joy! 0 Preferred Executable
Format 34 12 AA 55 4␒ªU 0 vpk VPK file, used to store game data for some Source Engine games 2A 2A 41
43 45 2A 2A **ACE** 7 ace ACE (compressed file format)[citation needed]
 60 EA `ê 0 arj ARJ 49 53 63 28
ISc( 0 cab InstallShield CAB Archive File 4B 57 41 4A KWAJ 0 ??_ Windows 3.1x Compressed File 53 5A
44 44 SZDD 0 ??_ Windows 9x Compressed File 5A 4F 4F ZOO 0 zoo Zoo (file format) 50 31 0A P1␊ 0
pbm Portable bitmap ASCII 50 34 0A P4␊ 0 pbm Portable bitmap binary 50 32 0A P2␊ 0 pgm Portable
Gray Map ASCII 50 35 0A P5␊ 0 pgm Portable Gray Map binary 50 33 0A P3␊ 0 ppm Portable Pixmap
ASCII 50 36 0A P6␊ 0 ppm Portable Pixmap binary D7 CD C6 9A ×ÍÆš 0 wmf Windows Metafile 67 69
6D 70 20 78 63 66 gimp xcf 0 xcf XCF (file format) 2F 2A 20 58 50 4D 20 2A
2F /* XPM */ 0 xpm X PixMap 41 46 46 AFF 0 aff Advanced Forensics Format 45 56 46 32 EVF2 0
Ex01 EnCase EWF version 2 format 45 56 46 EVF 0 e01 EnCase EWF version 1 format 51 46 49 QFI 0
qcow qcow file format 52 49 46 46????????
41 43 4F 4E RIFF????ACON 0 ani Animated cursor 52 49 46 46????????
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
Page 9 of 12

43 44 44 41 RIFF????CDDA 0 cda .cda file 52 49 46 46
????????
51 4C 43 4D RIFF????QLCM 0 qcp Qualcomm PureVoice file format 52 49 46 58????????
46 47 44 4D (big-endian) RIFX????FGDM 0 dcr Adobe Shockwave[83][84][85]
 58 46 49 52
????????
4D 44 47 46 (little-endian) XFIR????MDGF 52 49 46 58????????
4D 56 39 33 (big-endian) RIFX????MV93 0 dir
dxr
drx Macromedia Director file format[86][84][85] 58 46 49 52
????????
33 39 56 4D (little-endian) XFIR????39VM 46 4C 56 FLV 0 flv Flash Video file 3C 3C 3C 20 4F 72 61 63
6C 65 20 56 4D 20 56 69
72 74 75 61 6C 42 6F 78
20 44 69 73 6B 20 49 6D
61 67 65 20 3E 3E 3E <<< Orac
le VM Vi
rtualBox
Disk Im
age >>> 0 vdi VirtualBox Virtual Hard Disk file format 63 6F 6E 65 63 74 69 78 conectix 0 vhd Windows
Virtual PC Virtual Hard Disk file format[87] 76 68 64 78 66 69 6C 65 vhdxfile 0 vhdx Windows Virtual PC
Windows 8 Virtual Hard Disk file format 49 73 5A 21 IsZ! 0 isz Compressed ISO image 44 41 41 DAA 0
daa Direct Access Archive PowerISO 4C 66 4C 65 LfLe 0 evt Windows Event Viewer file format 45 6C 66
46 69 6C 65 ElfFile 0 evtx Windows Event Viewer XML file format 73 64 62 66 sdbf 8 sdb Windows
customized database 50 4D 43 43 PMCC 0 grp Windows 3.x Program Manager Program Group file format 4B
43 4D 53 KCMS 0 icm ICC profile 72 65 67 66 regf 0 dat
hiv Windows Registry file 21 42 44 4E !BDN 0 pst Microsoft Outlook Personal Storage Table file 44 52 41
43 4F DRACO 0 drc 3D model compressed with Google Draco[88]
 47 52 49 42 GRIB 0 grib
grib2 Gridded data (commonly weather observations or forecasts) in the WMO GRIB or GRIB2 format[89] 42 4C
45 4E 44 45 52 BLENDER 0 blend Blender File Format[90]
 00 00 00 0C 4A 58 4C 20 0D 0A 87 0A
␀␀␀␌JXL␠␍␊‡␊ 0 jxl Image encoded in the JPEG XL format[91]
 FF 0A ÿ␊ 00 01 00 00 00 ␀␁␀␀␀
0 ttf
tte
dfont TrueType font 4F 54 54 4F OTTO 0 otf OpenType font[92] 23 25 4D 6F 64 75 6C 65 #%Module 0
Modulefile for Environment Modules[93] 4D 53 57 49 4D 00 00 00
D0 00 00 00 00 MSWIM␀␀␀Ð␀␀␀␀ 0 wim
swm
esd Windows Imaging Format file 21 2D 31 53 4C 4F 42 1F !-1SLOB␟ 0 slob Slob (sorted list of Object
storages) is a read-only, compressed data store with dictionary-like interface[94] AC ED ’ 0 Serialized Java
Data[95] 43 72 65 61 74 69 76 65 20 56 6F 69 63 65 20 46 69 6C 65 1A 1A 00 Creative Voice File 0 voc
Creative Voice file 2E 73 6E 64 .snd 0 au
snd Au audio file format DB 0A CE 00 0 OpenGL Iris Perfomer .PFB (Performer Fast Binary)[96] 48 5a 4c 52
00 00 00 18 HZLR 0 hazelrules Noodlesoft Hazel [97]
 46 4C 68 64 FLhd 0 flp FL Studio Project File 31 30
4C 46 10LF 0 flm FL Studio Mobile Project File 52 4b 4d 43 32 31 30 RKMC210 0 Vormetric Encryption
DPM Version 2.1 Header[98] 00 01 00 00 4D 53 49 53 41 4D 20 44 61 74 61 62 61 73 65 ␀␁␀␀MSISAM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
Page 10 of 12

Database 0 mny Microsoft Money file 00 01 00 00 53 74 61 6E 64 61 72 64 20 41 43 45 20 44 42
␀␁␀␀Standard ACE DB 0 accdb Microsoft Access 2007 Database 00 01 00 00 53 74 61 6E 64 61 72 64 20
4A 65 74 20 44 42 ␀␁␀␀Standard Jet DB 0 mdb Microsoft Access Database 01 FF 02 04 03 02
␁ÿ␂␄␃␂ 0 drw Micrografx vector graphic file 02 64 73 73 ␂dss 0 dss Digital Speech Standard (Olympus,
Grundig, & Phillips) v2 03 64 73 73 ␃dss 0 dss Digital Speech Standard (Olympus, Grundig, & Phillips) v3
03 00 00 00 41 50 50 52 ␃␀␀␀APPR 0 adx Approach index file 06 06 ED F5 D8 1D 46 E5 BD 31 EF E7 FE
74 B7 1D ␆␆íõØ␝Få½1ïçþt·␝ 0 indd Adobe InDesign document 06 0E 2B 34 02 05 01 01 0D 01 02 01 01
02 ␆␎+4␂␅␁␁␍␁␂␁␁␂ 0-65535 (run-in) mxf Material Exchange Format file 07 53 4B 46 ␇SKF 0 skf
SkinCrafter skin file 07 64 74 32 64 64 74 64 ␇dt2ddtd 0 dtd DesignTools 2D Design file 0A 16 6F 72 67
2E 62 69 74 63 6F 69 6E 2E 70 72 ␊␖org.bitcoin.pr 0 wallet MultiBit Bitcoin wallet file 0D 44 4F 43
␍DOC 0 doc DeskMate Document file 0E 4E 65 72 6F 49 53 4F ␎NeroISO 0 nri Nero CD Compilation 0E
57 4B 53 ␎WKS 0 wks DeskMate Worksheet 0F 53 49 42 45 4C 49 55 53 ␏SIBELIUS 0 sib Sibelius Music -
Score file 23 20 4D 69 63 72 6F 73 6F 66 74 20 44 65 76 65 6C 6F 70 65 72 20 53 74 75 64 69 6F #
Microsoft Developer Studio 0 dsp Microsoft Developer Studio project file 23 21 41 4D 52 #!AMR 0 amr
Adaptive Multi-Rate ACELP (Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction) Codec, commonly audio format with
GSM cell phones. 23 21 53 49 4C 4B 0A #!SILK␊ 0 sil Audio compression format developed by Skype 23
3F 52 41 44 49 41 4E 43 45 0A #?RADIANCE␊ 0 hdr Radiance High Dynamic Range image file 23 40 7E 5E
#@~^ 0 vbe VBScript Encoded script 0D F0 1D C0 ␍ð�À 0 cdb MikroTik WinBox Connection Database
(Address Book) 23 45 58 54 4D 33 55 #EXTM3U 0 m3u
m3u8
Multimedia playlist 6D 64 66 00 mdf␀ 0 m M2 Archive, used by game developer M2 4B 50 4B 41 KPKA 0
pak Capcom RE Engine game data archives 41 52 43 ARC 0 arc Capcom MT Framework game data archives
41 72 43 ArC 0 arc
cdx FreeArc file D0 4F 50 53 ÐOPS 0 pl Interleaf PrinterLeaf / WorldView document format (now Broadvision
QuickSilver) 6E 2B 31 00 n+1 344 nii Single file NIfTI format, used extensively in biomedical imaging. 6E
69 31 00 ni1 344 hdr Header file of a .hdr/.img pair in NIfTI format, used extensively in biomedical imaging.
52 41 46 36 34 RAF64 0 Report Builder file from Digital Metaphors 56 49 53 33 VIS3 0 Resource file
Visionaire 3.x Engine 4D 53 48 7C
42 53 48 7C MSH |
BSH | 0 hl7 Health Level Seven (HL7) Standard for electronic data exchange [1] 70 77 72 64 61 74 61
pwrdata 0 pwrdata SAP Power Monitor (version 1.1.0 and higher) data file 1a 08 .. 0 arc ARC archive file
2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 42 45 47 49 4e 20 50 47 50 20 50 55 42 4c 49 43 20 4b 45 49 20 42 4c 4f 43 4b 2d 2d 2d
2d 2d -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- 0 asc Armored PGP public key 3a 42 61 73 65 20 :Base 0
cnt Windows 3.x - Windows 95 Help Contents 52 49 46 46???????? 56 44 52 4d RIFF????VDRM 0 vdr
VirtualDub 52 59 46 46???????? 54 52 49 44 RIFF????TRID 0 trd TrID 52 49 46 46???????? 73 68
77 34 RIFF????shw4 0 shw Corel SHOW! 4.0 52 49 46 46???????? 73 68 77 35 RIFF????shw5 0 shw
Corel SHOW! 5.0 52 49 46 46???????? 73 68 72 35 RIFF????shr5 0 shr Corel SHOW! 5.0 player 52
49 46 46???????? 73 68 62 35 RIFF????shb5 0 shb Corel SHOW! 5.0 background 52 49 46
46???????? 52 4d 4d 50 RIFF????RMMP 0 mmm MacroMind Multimedia Movie or Microsoft Multimedia
Movie 41 53 54 4d 2d 45 35 37 ASTM-E57 0 e57 ASTM E57 3D file format aa aa aa aa ªªªª 0 sys
Crowdstrike Channel File 8C 0A 00 Œ.. 0 ucas Unreal Engine Compressed Asset Storage file 2D 3D 3D 2D
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
Page 11 of 12

2D 3D 3D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D 2D 3D 3D 2D -==--==--==--==- 0 utoc Unreal Engine Table of Contents file 43 36
34 46 69 6C 65 00 C64File 0 P00 (P01, P02,...) Commodore 64 binary file (source:
*.P00 format for Power64 emulator)
44 55 43 4B DUCK 8 DuckDB database file (source:
Source code)
4C 50 4B 53 48 48 52 48 LPKSHHRH 0 journal journald log file[99]
 E0 01 00 EA ê␀␁à 0 Ion (serialization
format) binary encoding[100] 42 53 44 49 46 46 34 30 BSDIFF40 0 bsdiff binary patch 7C 61 8A B2 |aŠ² 0
hpapp
hpprgm
hpsettings HP Prime graphing calculator file 43 5A 50 58 CZPX 0 czx Czip X encrypted archive (v4.x) 43 50
43 48 CPCH 0 pch Clang pre-compiled header
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures
Page 12 of 12

   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures     
Database 0 mny Microsoft Money file 00 01 00 00 53 74 61 6E 64 61 72 64 20 41 43 45 20 44 42 
␀␁␀␀Standard ACE DB 0 accdb Microsoft Access 2007 Database 00 01 00 00 53 74 61 6E 64 61 72 64 20
4A 65 74 20 44 42 ␀␁␀␀Standard Jet DB 0 mdb Microsoft Access Database 01 FF 02 04 03 02 
␁ÿ␂␄␃␂ 0 drw Micrografx vector graphic file 02 64 73 73 ␂dss 0 dss Digital Speech Standard (Olympus, 
Grundig, & Phillips) v2 03 64 73 73 ␃dss 0 dss Digital Speech Standard (Olympus, Grundig, & Phillips) v3
03 00 00 00 41 50 50 52 ␃␀␀␀APPR 0 adx Approach index file 06 06 ED F5 D8 1D 46 E5 BD 31 EF E7 FE
74 B7 1D ␆␆íõØ␝Få½1ïçþt·␝ 0 indd Adobe InDesign document 06 0E 2B 34 02 05 01 01 0D 01 02 01 01
02 ␆␎+4␂␅␁␁␍␁␂␁␁␂  0-65535 (run-in) mxf Material Exchange Format file 07 53 4B 46 ␇SKF 0 skf
SkinCrafter skin file 07 64 74 32 64 64 74 64 ␇dt2ddtd 0 dtd DesignTools 2D Design file 0A 16 6F 72 67
2E 62 69 74 63 6F 69 6E 2E 70 72 ␊␖org.bitcoin.pr  0 wallet MultiBit Bitcoin wallet file 0D 44 4F 43
␍DOC 0 doc DeskMate Document file 0E 4E 65 72 6F 49 53 4F ␎NeroISO 0 nri Nero CD Compilation 0E
57 4B 53 ␎WKS 0 wks DeskMate Worksheet 0F 53 49 42 45 4C 49 55 53 ␏SIBELIUS 0 sib Sibelius Music-
Score file 23 20 4D 69 63 72 6F 73 6F 66 74 20 44 65 76 65 6C 6F 70 65 72 20 53 74 75 64 69 6F #
Microsoft Developer Studio 0 dsp Microsoft Developer Studio project file 23 21 41 4D 52 #!AMR 0 amr
Adaptive Multi-Rate ACELP (Algebraic Code Excited Linear Prediction) Codec, commonly audio format with
GSM cell phones. 23 21 53 49 4C 4B 0A #!SILK␊ 0 sil Audio compression format developed by Skype 23
3F 52 41 44 49 41 4E 43 45 0A #?RADIANCE␊ 0 hdr Radiance High Dynamic Range image file 23 40 7E 5E
#@~^ 0 vbe VBScript Encoded script 0D F0 1D C0 ␍ð�À 0 cdb MikroTik WinBox Connection Database 
(Address Book) 23 45 58 54 4D 33 55 #EXTM3U 0 m3u    
m3u8        
Multimedia playlist 6D 64 66 00 mdf␀ 0 m M2 Archive, used by game developer M2 4B 50 4B 41 KPKA 0
pak Capcom RE Engine game data archives 41 52 43 ARC 0 arc Capcom MT Framework game data archives 
41 72 43 ArC 0 arc       
cdx FreeArc file D0 4F 50 53 ÐOPS 0 pl Interleaf PrinterLeaf / WorldView document format (now Broadvision 
QuickSilver) 6E 2B 31 00 n+1 344 nii Single file NIfTI format, used extensively in biomedical imaging. 6E
69 31 00 ni1 344 hdr Header file of a .hdr/.img pair in NIfTI format, used extensively in biomedical imaging. 
52 41 46 36 34 RAF64 0 Report Builder file from Digital Metaphors 56 49 53 33 VIS3 0 Resource file
Visionaire 3.x Engine 4D 53 48 7C      
42 53 48 7C MSH |       
BSH | 0 hl7 Health Level Seven (HL7) Standard for electronic data exchange [1] 70 77 72 64 61 74 61 
pwrdata 0 pwrdata SAP Power Monitor (version 1.1.0 and higher) data file 1a 08 .. 0 arc ARC archive file
2d 2d 2d 2d 2d 42 45 47 49 4e 20 50 47 50 20 50 55 42 4c 49 43 20 4b 45 49 20 42 4c 4f 43 4b 2d 2d 2d
2d 2d-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- 0 asc Armored PGP public key 3a 42 61 73 65 20 :Base 0
cnt Windows 3.x-Windows 95 Help Contents 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 56 44 52 4d RIFF????VDRM  0 vdr
VirtualDub 52 59 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 54 52 49 44 RIFF????TRID 0 trd TrID 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 73 68
77 34 RIFF????shw4 0 shw Corel SHOW! 4.0 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 73 68 77 35 RIFF????shw5  0 shw
Corel SHOW! 5.0 52 49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 73 68 72 35 RIFF????shr5 0 shr Corel SHOW! 5.0 player 52
49 46 46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 73 68 62 35 RIFF????shb5  0 shb Corel SHOW! 5.0 background 52 49 46 
46 ?? ?? ?? ?? 52 4d 4d 50 RIFF????RMMP 0 mmm MacroMind Multimedia Movie or Microsoft Multimedia 
Movie 41 53 54 4d 2d 45 35 37 ASTM-E57 0 e57 ASTM E57 3D file format aa aa aa aa ªªªª 0 sys 
Crowdstrike Channel File 8C 0A 00 Œ.. 0 ucas Unreal Engine Compressed Asset Storage file 2D 3D 3D 2D
   Page 11 of 12